ÖzetDamızlık işletmelerde kuluçkada çıkış gücünde sağlanacak bir birim artış önemli bir ekonomik değer ifade eder. Yumurta içerisine çeşitli besin maddelerinin verilmesi damızlıkçı ve kuluçka işletmeleri için kuluçkada çıkış gücünün artmasına, çıkış sonrası yüksek yaşama gücü ve performansın sağlanmasına imkan tanır. Bu nedenle, kuluçka döneminde kanatlı embriyolarına uygulanan in ovo besleme yöntemi son yıllarda gündeme gelen alternatif bir uygulamadır. Yumurta içi besleme olarak da bilinen bu yöntem, kuluçkanın herhangi bir döneminde embriyoların amniyon ya da sarı keseleri içerisine amino asit, karbonhidrat, organik asit, vitamin, antikor, hormon gibi farklı maddelerin solüsyon şeklinde enjeksiyonu ile uygulanmaktadır. In ovo besleme ile çıkış öncesi ince bağırsağın işlevsel hale gelmesi, sindirim kapasitesinin artması ve villüslerin yüzey alanının genişlemesi amaçlanmaktadır. Ayrıca bu uygulamalar çıkış gücünün yükselmesine, çıkış sonrası civcivin yemden daha etkin yararlanmasına, çıkış sonrası ilk hafta civciv ölümlerinin azaltılmasına, erken dönem hastalıklarının önlenmesine, bağışıklık sisteminin, iskelet sisteminin ve enzim aktivitesinin geliştirilmesine yönelik birçok amaçla yapılabilmektedir. Bu derlemede, kuluçkada in ovo besleme yöntemi, bu yöntemin avantajları, verilebilecek besin maddeleri ve bunların etkileri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.
This study was carried out to determine the effect of adding ginger powder at different levels (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0%) to the ration on performance, blood parameters and meat quality characteristics of male Japanese quails. 48 male Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) at 28 days of age were used in the study. The experiment was carried out for 21 days in 4 replications in a quail cage with 12 male Japanese quails in each of 4 treatment groups consisting of rations containing different levels of ginger powder. At the end of the experiment, the effects of adding different levels of ginger powder to male quail diets on the performance and serum parameters studied were statistically insignificant. Pre breast L*, a* and b*, thigh meat colours a* and b* values were not significantly affected by the treatments. However, pre-thigh L* values were significantly lower in the group fed with 2.0% ginger powder compared to the group fed with 0.5% and 1.0% ginger powder. Post breast b* value of the group containing 2.0% ginger powder in the diet was significantly higher than that of the group containing 0.5% and 1.0% ginger powder. It was observed the treatment group containing 2.0% ginger powder significantly decreased the pH value and TBA (thiobarbituric acid number) values at the breast meats when compared to the control group and the treatment group containing 0.5% ginger powder. According to the result of the study, it was observed that the addition of ginger powder to male quail rations did not affect performance and serum parameters, but the use of ginger powder at the level of 2.0% in the diet improved some meat quality characteristics.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of adding orange peel (PKY), lemon peel essential oils (LKY) and PKY+LKY (respectively 300, 300, 150+150 mg/kg) to laying quail diets on performance, egg internal and external quality parameters and hatchability parameters. The eight-week trial was conducted in 20 subgroups, with 4 treatment groups and 5 replications for each treatment, and a total of 120 Japanese quails at 10 weeks of age were randomly distributed, with 6 quails (4 females, 2 males) in each subgroup. Feed intake with the addition of LKY to the diet, egg production and egg mass with the addition of PKY + LKY decreased significantly compared to the control group, and the eggshell breaking resistance with the addition of LKY and PKY + LKY increased significantly compared to the control group. However, the addition of LKY, PKY and PKY+LKY to the diet did not affect hatchability and reproduction parameters. According to these results, the addition of 300 mg/kg PKY and 300 mg/kg (150+150) PKY+LKY to breeder quail diets had an effect on the increase of eggshell qualityi, although the performance was adversely affected.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding coated sodium butyrate at various levels to the rations of laying hens on their performance, egg quality, and some blood parameters. In this study, a total of 72 laying hens at the age of 60 weeks were fed for 56 days with the control ration and the rations containing sodium butyrate at various levels (300, 600, and 1200 mg/kg). The study was carried out in 4 treatment groups, each with 6 replicates. As a result of the study, there was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups in terms of live weight change, egg yield, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, and egg mass. The addition of sodium butyrate to the rations of laying hens did not have a statistically significant effect on the egg shell breaking strength, eggshell ratio, shell thickness, egg shape index, albumen-yolk index, damaged egg ratio, and egg yolk colour criteria (L*, a*, and b*). Whereas there was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups in terms of the levels of cholesterol, HDL, albumin, Ca, and P; some statistically significant differences were observed in terms of the levels of serum globulin, total protein, and uric acid. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that there was no need to add sodium butyrate to the ration for improving the performance and egg quality in the laying hens at the age of 60 weeks.
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