The role of scapula on the shoulder problems is well-established and scapular dyskinesis (SD) has been evaluated especially in sports involving overhead activities. However no study have evaluated the connection between abnormal neck posture and scapula. The study aimed to found an association between 2 different postural abnormalities in which axioscapular muscles affected. Material and Methods: According to the craniovertebral angle, 90 non specific chronic neck patients with forward head posture (FHP) and 90 non specific patients with chronic neck pain with normal posture conducted in the study. SD test were performed to investigate the presence of SD on both groups. Neck Disability Index (NDI) used to assess neck-related disability and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) used to assess neck pain. Results: In the FHP group, SD diagnosed (9.44%) nearly two times more of normal posture group (4.44%). 25 (13.8%) patients were diagnosed with SD with chronic neck pain totally. While the medial margin type SD was most common in the FHP group, the inferior angle type SD was most common in the control group. This study found high risk for SD in FHP group compared to the normal group (odds ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval, 0.87-1.61; p=0.003). The study found no significant difference between groups compared to NDI and VAS (p=0.102, p=0.285 respectively). Conclusion: There is a high prevalance of SD in chronic neck pain patients with FHP. SD should be evaluated in chronic neck pain, especially with abnormal posture.
AIM: Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a knee problem, especially frequent in physically active young individuals. Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a set of symptoms rather than a specific diagnosis. It adversely affects both the quality of life and the functional activities of the patients. The aim of this study was to provide researchers and clinicians with an information concerning modifiable predictive variables for patellofemoral pain syndrome, to aid the development of preventative interventions. MATERIAL AND METHOD:A total of 130 patients with complaints of anterior knee pain and subsequently diagnosed as having patellofemoral pain syndrome and 100 healthy individuals without anterior knee pain were included in the study. All individuals were assessed in terms of shortness in soft tissues, muscle weakness, lower extremity alignment disorders, pain levels and functional levels. RESULTS:The patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome and asymptomatic subjects included in the study were similar in terms of age, gender and body mass index. In the comparison between patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome and asymptomatic subjects, J finding, one-legged hop test positivity, quadriceps atrophy, trendelenburg test positivity, iliotibial band tightness, patellar tilt, patellar hypermobility, patellar edge sensitivity, genu recurvatum, differences in leg length and external tibial torsion findings were significantly higher in patients with PFPS (p<0.05). CONCLUSION:Due to the multifactorial nature of patellofemoral pain syndrome, numerous risk factors may play a role in the development of patellofemoral pain syndrome. While many risk factors have been reported, only some of them may be modifiable. Therefore, we think it makes sense to investigate these modifiable risk factors in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome and to correct or replace them, if any.
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