The purposes of this study were to determine the relationship between performance in the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YIRT1), the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 2 (YIRT2) and the Yo-Yo endurance test (continuous) (YET) with maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and Wingate anaerobic performance (WaNT) test results in young soccer players (age 15.00 ± 0.0 years, body height 176.3 ± 4.2 cm and body mass 68.1 ± 3.6 kg). An ergospirometry device was used during the treadmill test (TRT) to determine VO2max. At the end of the study, significant differences were found between the Yo-Yo tests and TRT in terms of HRmax (TRT = 195,92, YIRT1 = 197,83, YIRT2 = 198,5 YET = 198) (p > 0.05). While there were moderate correlations between VO2max and YIRT 1–2 performances (respectively, r = 0.56, r = 0.53), there was only a weak relationship between VO2max and YET performance (r = 0.43) (distance covered). There were also moderate significant negative correlations between performance in the YIRT2 and peak power measured in the WaNT (r = −0.55), although there were no significant correlations between performance in the three tests and average power. A moderate negative correlation was found between performance in the YIRT2 and Fatigue index (FI) (r = −0,66). In conclusion, the YIRT2 may be a more suitable field test for determining both aerobic and anaerobic performance in soccer players.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of resting regimes on physiological responses and time motion characteristics between bouts during small sided games (SSGs) in young soccer players. Sixteen players (average age 16.87 ± 0.34 years; body height 176.69 ± 3.21 cm; body mass 62.40 ± 2.59 kg; training experience 3.75 ± 0.44 years) performed four bouts 2-a-side, 3-a-side and 4-a-side games with three minutes active (SSGar: Running at 70% of HRmax) and passive (SSGpr) rest between bouts at two-day intervals. The heart rate (HR) along with total distance covered in different speed zones - walking (W, 0-6.9 km·h-1), low-intensity running (LIR, 7.0-12.9 km·h-1), moderate-intensity running (MIR, 13.0-17.9 km·h-1) and high-intensity running (HIR, >18km·h-1), were monitored during all SSGs, whereas the rating of perceived exertion (RPE, CR-20) and venous blood lactate (La-) were determined at the end of the last bout of each SSG. The results demonstrated that all SSGpr elicited significantly higher physiological responses compared to SSGar in terms of the RPE and La- (p < 0.05). In addition, 2-a-side SSGpr induced significantly lower %HRmax responses and total distance covered than 2-a-side SSGar (p < 0.05). Moreover, the distance covered at HIR was significantly higher in 4-a-side SSGar than 4-side SSGpr. The results of this study indicate that both SSGs with passive and active rest can be used for soccer specific aerobic endurance training. Furthermore, all SSGs with active recovery should be performed in order to increase players and teams’ performance capacity for subsequent bouts.
Niflumic acid is used to treat inflammatory rheumatoid diseases, pain, and fever. The present study reports the experimental, spectroscopic, thermal, structural analyses, and biological activities of this complex. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug niflumic acid, 3-picoline, and copper(II) chloride were utilized to synthesize a new complex: [Cu 2 Cl 2 (nif) 2 (3-pic) 4 ]. The crystal structure of [Cu 2 Cl 2 (nif) 2 (3-pic) 4 ] was determined by X-ray crystallography. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 and each Cu(II) center displayed six-coordinated distorted octahedral geometry. Two Cu(II) centers are connected by a chloro-bridge to form the binuclear metal core. Finally, the in vitro effects of the synthesized new complex and free niflumic acid were evaluated on the human serum paraoxonase 1 enzyme. At low doses, both the new complex and free niflumic acid showed very good inhibition activity with different inhibition mechanisms. In addition, the results showed that the new complex has more inhibition activity than free niflumic acid.
Bu çalışma farklı seviyedeki liglerde oynayan takımların altyapısında mücadele eden genç profesyonel futbol oyuncularında (1.lig altyapı ve 2.lig altyapı) supramaksimal bacak egzersizi (Wingate Test) sonrası ortaya çıkan güç değerlerinin ve test sonrası zirve laktik asit miktarının karşılaştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya 1.lig altyapı takımından 10, 2.lig altyapı takımından 10 olmak üzere toplam 20 genç erkek futbolcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Wingate testi sonrasında Zirve Güç (ZG), Ortalama Güç (OG), Minimum Güç (MG) ve Yorgunluk Indeksi (YI) hesaplanmıştır. Dinlenik, egzersiz sonrası 1 dakika ve 3 dakika arayla zirve laktat değerine kadar laktik asit (LA) ölçülmüştür. Araştırmadan elde dilen tüm veriler SPSS 11 istatistik programına kaydedilerek tanımlayıcı analizleri (X ve SS) ve Bağımsız Gruplarda T Testi uygulanarak 2 farklı gruptaki sporcuların parametreleri p<0.05 düzeyinde birbirleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. 1.lig ve 2.lig takımının ZG, OG, MG, YI değerleri arasında anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Zirve laktik asit değerleri arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Bu çalışmanın sonucu; aynı yaş grubunda farklı seviyedeki liglerde oynayan takımların altyapısında mücadele eden genç profesyonel futbol oyuncularında supramaksimal bacak egzersizi sonrası ortaya çıkan güç değerleri benzer olmasına rağmen zirve laktik asit miktarlarının farklı olduğunu göstermiştir.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.