The nutrient intake and some indices of nutritional state were studied in 22 quadriplegic and 15 paraplegic patients. When measured over two 5-day periods, the average caloric intake recommended for comparable healthy men (2,700 kcal/day) was not achieved by 75% of the quadriplegic and 47% of the paraplegic patients. No overt signs of malnutrition or vitamin deficiencies were observed, but the average hematocrit and serum albumin levels were at the lower limits of normal. The reduced energy needs of spinal cord patients should be considered in the development of desirable nutritional norms for this patient population.
1. In a randomized, double-blind 6-month study, a-tocopherol (728 mg) or placebo were administered daily to seventy-eight volunteers (forty-nine men, twenty-nine women) to investigate the possible enhancing effect of vitamin E on plasma high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. In addition, the available reported values from short-term (4-6 weeks) studies, as well as the 4-week results from the present study, were combined and analysed for factors which may modify the effect of a-tocopherol on HDL-C.2. No consistent effect of a-tocopherol on plasma HDL-C levels was observed either in the combined 4-week values or in the 6-month study. Further analysis of the combined short-term values and 6-month values indicated that, in subjects with low initial HDL-C levels, treatment with a-tocopherol or placebo did not produce significantly different HDL-C changes.Results of some preliminary short-term studies have suggested that administration of a large daily dose of a-tocopherol (545-728 mg) can increase the plasma levels of high-densitylipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (Herman et al. 1979;. In view of the reported attenuating effects of high HDL-C levels on the development of coronary heart disease and the relative difficulty in achieving a significant and reproducible rise in HDL-C by dietary or pharmacologic means, the reports on the effect of a-tocopherol on this lipid class attracted considerable attention. However, a series of other studies (Schwartz & Rutherford, 1981;Barboriak et al. 1982;Ehnholm et al. 1982;Howard et al. 1982; Kesaniemi & Grundy, 1982; Chapkin et al. 1983;Serfontein et al. 1983), employing relatively small groups of subjects, failed to confirm the general effectiveness of a-tocopherol on HDL-C levels. Few of the reports were based on controlled randomized trials that included a placebo group, and they used a short (4-6 weeks) treatment period.Therefore, we decided to study the effect of a-tocopherol on plasma HDL-C levels in a long-term, double-blind study using patients most likely to benefit from such a treatment, i.e. patients entering a cardiac rehabilitation programme. In addition, we have pooled available reported short-term values on the effect of a-tocopherol on plasma HDL-C in order to investigate the possible variables modifying such an effect. The findings of both the long-term and pooled-values studies indicate little or no consistent effect of oral a-tocopherol on plasma HDL-C levels. M A T E R I A L S A N D M E T H O D SLong-term study Subject selection. A group of forty-nine male patients (24-73 years of age), who were enrolled in a cardiac rehabilitation programme, volunteered for the study. A group of twenty-nine female subjects (24-71 years of age), who were spouses of the male patients, https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi
Summary Five patients with a history of post‐exercise bronchoconstriction and eleven control subjects were exposed to gradually increasing work loads on a bicyle ergometer. The asthmatic patients showed higher blood lactic acid levels at all work loads than the control subjects. In contrast to findings in the controls, the plasma free fatty acid in the asthmatics failed to ‘rebound’ following the cessation of exercise; and in two out of three patients plasma FFA did not rise after epinephrine injection. In addition, the asthmatic patients consumed less oxygen during the exercise than the controls. The results of this study suggest that patients with post‐exercise asthma may have to rely more on carbohydrates as the main source of energy because of the reduced availability of FFA. Since the consumption of oxygen is also reduced, this may lead to a higher lactate production.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.