Background. The components of lifestyle of medical students, with comprehensive reporting of their physical activity and drinking and eating behavior, are rarely evaluated. Being overweight (increased body mass index -BMI) is associated with health problems, an unhealthy lifestyle (inadequate sleep, diet and exercise) being implicated.
Dietary modifications alone relieved constipation in more than half of a group of 35 patients with constipation. We therefore recommend a trial of dietary modifications prior to the initiation of pharmacotherapy in patients with a colostomy.
Constipation associated with dysfunction of the stoma in most cases should be treated surgically. Parastomal hernia is the most common cause of constipation in the stoma. Treatment should be performed in due time because of the possibility of developing complications, especially dangerous one is a strangulated parastomal hernia and ischemia of stoma.
Abstract-Introduction: Wound healing process depends on many factors. As it has been proved many times before, nutrition is one of the key factors in wound healing therapy. When there is an insufficient supply of nutrients and malnutrition, wound healing processes slow down and the inflammatory phase is prolonged, which requires high energy expenditure and as a consequence, may lead to the loss of lean body mass and the development of sarcopenia and cachexia. This promotes the formation of non-healing chronic wounds.In this paper we would like to emphasize the role of nutrition, as an integral part of wound healing processes, which should encompass the current metabolic needs associated with patient's clinical condition.Case report: This case describes a young male patient with gastrointestinal tract insufficiency and an extensive postoperative wound treated by the open abdomen method. In the course of increased catabolism, water and electrolyte loss and disturbances as well as nutritional insufficiencies, body mass loss and progressive cachexia occurred in this patient and, as a consequence, the wound healing processes was significantly diminished.Conclusions: Inducing and maintaining the anabolic processes in the organism and control of the enhanced catabolism in response to metabolic stress or injury are essential actions in optimizing the treatment and healing process. These are possible to achieve by the early introduction of balanced and individualized nutritional treatment regimens, provision of the energy and appropriate nutrients, which enables the restoration of lean body mass and stimulation of the healing processes.
Cancer patients often have inappropriately low energy intake, exhibit an increased loss of muscle proteins and generalized inflammatory status. Nutritional support aims to reverse these processes. Covering energy requirements is necessary for safety of anti-cancer treatments: radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery. Nutritional support and nutritional status monitoring should be managed at every stage of the disease. Nutritional intervention is most important in malnourished patients. Comprehensive, individualized nutritional care improves the results of treatment in cancer patients. Nutritional therapy is essential in obtaining the best results from anti-cancer treatment; however, it will be effective, if should completely cover nutrient requirements.
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