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Introduction. Pro bono physical therapy clinics provide a beneficial service to the community. Studies have identified a positive impact of student volunteerism in pro bono clinics. However, little is known about the immediate and long-term impact on those who serve as student coordinators of such clinics. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore current and past pro bono clinic coordinators' perceptions of the professional and personal impact of serving as leaders of a pro bono physical therapy clinic. Methods. Current and past coordinators were recruited to participate in focus groups and individual interviews, respectively. All interviews were voice recorded, and the 4-step method for analyzing phenomenological data as described by Giorgi was used for data analysis. Results. Nine past coordinators agreed to participate in individual phone interviews, and 2 focus groups were conducted with a total of 8 current student coordinators. Three main themes emerged from the data: Essential Skills and Behaviors, Professional Development, and Personal Development. Discussion and Conclusion. Serving as a pro bono coordinator was an eye-opening multidimensional experience that transformed students on personal and professional levels. The results of this paper provide support for the development of leadership characteristics through participation as a student coordinator of a pro bono clinic. Such characteristics are highly desirable in the physical therapy profession.

2019) Quadriceps foam rolling and rolling massage increases hip flexion and extension passive range-of-motion. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 23 (3). ABSTRACT 34Increases in joint range-of-motion may be beneficial for improving performance and 35 reducing injury risk. This study investigated the effects of different self-massage volumes and 36 modalities on passive hip range-of-motion. Twenty-five recreationally resistance-trained men 37 performed four experimental protocols using a counterbalanced, randomized, and within-38 subjects design; foam rolling (FR) or roller massage (RM) for 60 or 120-second. Passive hip 39 flexion and extension range-of-motion were measured in a counterbalanced and randomized 40 order via manual goniometry before self-massage (baseline) and immediately, 10-, 20-, and 41 30-minute following each self-massage intervention. Following FR or RM of quadriceps, 42 there was an increase in hip flexion range-of-motion at Post-0 (FR: ∆=19.28º; RM: 43 ∆=14.96º), Post-10 (FR: ∆=13.03º; RM: ∆=10.40º), and Post-20 (FR: ∆= 6.00º; RM: 44 ∆=4.64º) for all protocols, but not exceed the minimum detectable change at Post-10 for 45 RM60 and RM120, and Post-20 for FR60, FR120, RM60, and RM120. Similarly, hip 46 extension range-of-motion increase at Post-0 (FR: ∆=8.56º; RM: ∆=6.56º), Post-10 (FR: 47 ∆=4.64º; RM: ∆=3.92º), and Post-20 (FR: ∆=2.80º; RM: ∆=1.92º), but not exceed the 48 minimum detectable change at Post-10 for FR60, RM60, and RM120, and Post-20 for FR60, 49 FR120, RM60, and RM120. In conclusion, both FR and RM increased hip range-of-motion 50 but larger volumes (120-vs. 60-second) and FR produced the greatest increases. These 51 findings have implications for self-massage prescription and implementation, in both 52 rehabilitation and athletic populations. 53

Although many physical therapists have begun to focus on movement and function in clinical practice, a significant number continue to focus on impairments or pathoanatomic models to direct interventions. This paradigm may be driven by the current models used to direct and guide curricula used for physical therapist education. The methods by which students are educated may contribute to a focus on independent systems, rather than viewing the body as a functional whole. Students who enter practice must be able to integrate information across multiple systems that affect a patient or client's movement and function. Such integration must be taught to students and it is the responsibility of those in physical therapist education to embrace and teach the next generation of students this identifying professional paradigm of the movement system. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to describe the current state of the movement system in physical therapy education, suggest strategies for enhancing movement system focus in entry level education, and envision the future of physical therapy education related to the movement system. Contributions by a student author offer depth and perspective to the ideas and suggestions presented. Level of Evidence: 5

Menstrual function is strongly affected by nutritional status and energy availability in female athletes, and impaired menstrual function can impact bone mineral density. Nutritional interventions have been proposed to mitigate menstrual dysfunction. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the ability of nutritional interventions, directed at improving energy availability, to restore normal menstrual status in female athletes. PubMed, Cinahl, and SportDiscus databases were comprehensively searched. Included studies had to investigate the impact of increasing energy availability in female athletes through a nutritional intervention. The primary outcome measure of interest was menstrual status. Included studies were reviewed for methodological rigor using the American Academy of Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist. Five studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the athletes who completed the interventions in the studies, 0-100% resumed normal menses. For those that improved, the mean length of time for return to menses ranged from 2.63 to 15.6 months. The length of the interventions (3-9 months), mean ages of the participants (17-1-22.6 years), and particular dietary intervention(s) (counseling, education, and nutritional supplementation) varied between the studies. Nutritional interventions may restore normal menses in some female athletes. Educational strategies targeted at improved eating and understanding the energy demands of sport, as well as weekly interaction with athletes should be considered.

We aimed to investigate whether composite Functional Movement Screen (FMS) test scores can predict musculoskeletal injuries (MSI) in youth volleyball players. 131 national young volleyball players (Males: n = 100, age = 16.5 years, height = 1.787 m, mass = 68.32 kg; Females: n = 31, age = 13.83 years, height = 1.684 m, mass = 65.12 kg) participated in this prospective cohort study. The FMS screen was performed before starting the season. MSI and exposure data were collected during the season via each team’s certified athletic trainer. The mean FMS score and standard deviation for all volleyball players was 15.85 ± 3.31. A score of ≤ 14 was positive to predict MSI with specificity of 0.60 and sensitivity of 0.93. The odds ratio for (≤ 14/˃14) was 0.048. The relative risk for being injured was 3.46. Positive likelihood ratio was 2.34, and negative likelihood ratio was 0.11. The findings of this study demonstrated that an FMS score of ≤ 14 is an identifiable risk factor for injury in young volleyball players. The FMS can be used as a pre-season screening test to identify volleyball players who may be predisposed to sustaining MSI during the season ahead.

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