There has been a documented increase in the numbers of filial and sandwiched caregivers in the United States. However, past studies have overlooked the impact of work and family overload on caregiver well-being. This study investigates the moderating influences of the quality and directionality of work and family spillover on the well-being (e.g., positive affect and negative affect, psychological well-being, and global well-being) of 180 filial and sandwiched caregivers from the second wave of the Midlife in the United States Survey. Regression and moderation analyses revealed that sandwiched caregivers with high levels of negative work-to-family spillover exhibited higher negative affect than the comparison groups. Sandwiched caregivers with high levels of negative family-to-work spillover exhibited higher level of negative affect and lower level of self-acceptance than other caregivers. These findings can help create work programs that address spillover between work and home in the effort to promote caregiver well-being.
Objective: As numbers of sandwiched caregivers in the United States grow, it is essential to document the literature on the impacts of dual care demands on well-being and health. Method: Guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework, this scoping review examined the literature on sandwiched caregivers’ psychological well-being and physical health, identified gaps in the literature, and provided future directions to advance the family caregiving literature. Results: Findings showed that there were inconsistencies in the conceptualization of sandwiched caregivers. Additionally, an examination of the studies showed that sandwiched caregivers exhibited lower levels of psychological well-being and poorer health behaviors compared to other types of family caregivers and noncaregivers. Furthermore, the quality of sandwiched caregivers’ psychological well-being was shaped by family and work contexts. Conclusions: Future research should direct more attention to the examination of sandwiched caregivers’ physical health and those of minority status given that multigenerational care occurs at greater rates in these populations. Additionally, a systems perspective would allow for the examination of the impact of sandwiched caregiving on other family members.
Objective: A scoping review was conducted to document the literature of the impacts of being in a romantic partnership and better physical health and psychological wellbeing for individuals who are in an interracial romantic relationship. Background: In the 50 years since Loving v. Virginia (1967) overturned the ban on interracial romantic relationships, the rates of interracial marriages have quintupled. Although being in a romantic relationship has been associated with better physical health and psychological well-being outcomes, the population of individuals in interracial romantic relationships has been overlooked. Method: Informed by Arksey and O' Malley (2005), the study's objectives, inclusion criteria, and methods of analysis for this review were specified in advance and documented. Fourteen studies met the scoping review's inclusion criteria. Results: The articles were similar in five key areas: use of theory, methods, physical health outcomes, psychological well-being outcomes, and intimate partner violence. The findings across the studies suggest that individuals in interracial romantic relationships experience poorer physical health and psychological well-being compared with individuals who partner within their own race. Conclusion:The theorized benefits of being in a romantic relationship do not seem to apply equally across individuals, particularly among those in interracial romantic relationships.
The economic instability of the Great Recession contributed to a rise in multigenerational households as more individuals took on unanticipated care responsibilities for older family members while navigating financial uncertainties. Guided by the life course perspective, this study compared the psychological and social well-being of family caregivers and examined the moderating influences of financial challenges experienced during the Great Recession. Filial and sandwiched caregivers ( N = 138; Mage = 52.80; SDage = 11.25) from the Refresher Cohort of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) survey provided information on demographics, caregiving, financial challenges, and well-being. Findings from regression analyses showed that sandwiched caregivers exhibited lower environmental mastery and positive relations with others than filial caregivers ( p = .07). Moderation analyses showed that sandwiched caregivers with fewer than average financial challenges exhibited lower social actualization than the other family caregivers ( p = .01). Study findings underscore the need to support family caregivers’ psychosocial well-being as they navigate caregiving responsibilities and financial disruptions.
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