The current study aims to study the anatomy and micromorphometry of C. brasiliense leaves in three Cerrado (savanna) vegetation-types: dense, typical and sparse) -in the municipality of Porto Nacional-TO. Samples were collected, fixed and stored in alcohol 70%. Transverse, longitudinal and paradermal sections of the median leaflet were prepared for anatomical and micromorphometric studies using standard techniques. C. brasiliense leaflets show uniestratified epidermis covered by thick cuticle on the adaxial surface and by paracytic stomata and multicellular non-glandular trichomes on the abaxial surface. The mesophyll is formed by two or three layers of palisade parenchyma adaxially and spongy parenchyma abaxially. The vascular bundle is of the collateral type and the accessory bundles show a sheath extending into the epidermides. The micromorphometric analyses pointed to significant differences in the thickness of both adaxial epidermis and spongy parenchyma in all specimens from the three vegetation-types. The highest averages were found in the leaflets of sparse cerrado plants, suggesting that environmental factors may have an influence over the plants morphological responses. Key words: Caryocaraceae, Micromorphometry, Pequi, Morphology. ResumoO objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar anatômica e micromorfometricamente folhas de C. brasiliense em três fitofisionomias do Cerrado (denso, típico e ralo), no município de Porto Nacional-TO. Amostras foram coletadas, fixadas e armazenadasestocadas em álcool 70%. Utilizando técnicas usuais para estudos em anatomia vegetal, foram obtidas secções transversais, longitudinais e paradérmicas do folíolo mediano para estudos anatômicos e micromorfométricos. Os folíolos de C. brasiliense apresentaram epiderme uniestratificada, recoberta por cutícula espessa na face adaxial e por estômatos paracíticos e tricomas tectores pluricelulares na face abaxial. O mesofilo é formado por duas a três camadas de parênquima paliçádico na face adaxial e esponjoso na abaxial. O feixe vascular é do tipo colateral, com demais feixes acessórios apresentando bainha que se estende até a epiderme. As análises micromorfométricas revelaram diferenças significativas na espessura da epiderme adaxial e do parênquima esponjoso em todas as plantas estudadas para cada uma das três fitofisionomias, sendo as médias mais elevadas encontradas nos folíolos das plantas crescendo em Cerrado esparso. Isto sugere que a influência de fatores ambientais pode ter modulado respostas morfológicas nas plantas. Palavras-chave: Caryocaraceae, Micromorfometria, Pequi, Morfologia.
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