The fidelity of image reconstruction of SPORT depends on samplings in the Fourier transform domain of the scene performed by its antennas array. Research in this paper aims at finding the optimal layout of the receiving elements which is fitting for SPORT. Simulated annealing is applied to finding solutions for N = 8, 10, 12, 14. The simulation results show that centers of gravity of optimized antenna arrays are situated on center of the circle. Spatial frequency domain is covered evenly by the sampling points after rotation of the optimized antenna array. Moreover, the redundancy of baselines is minimized. The length values of the baselines of the optimized antenna array are also evenly distributed on the interval [0, 1].
Synthetic aperture radiometer applies the interferometric principle to sample in the spatial frequency domain and retrieve the image by Fourier or other numerical transformation. Using this technology, a substantial reduction can be obtained compared to a conventional imaging radiometer. In this paper, the study on least redundant two-dimensional array configuration is presented with numerical simulation examples in two types of configurations. One uses half-circle configuration with least redundant number of elements and taking image by rotating the array. The other configuration selects element positions using simulated annealing around a full-circle to provide a roughly uniform distributed sampling coverage in two-dimensional spatial frequency domain. The results show that the number of elements left round the full circle can also reach the least redundant number, i.e. M = 2 N C , where N is the number of antenna elements and M is the number of different baseline combinations, represent the maximum number of sampling points in the spatial frequency domain.
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