In this Letter, a modified Chaplygin gas (MCG) model of unifying dark energy and dark matter with the exotic equation of state pMCG = BρMCG− A ρ α M CG is constrained from recently observed data:the 182 Gold SNe Ia, the 3-year WMAP and the SDSS baryon acoustic peak. It is shown that the best fit value of the three parameters (B,Bs,α) in MCG model are (-0.085,0.822,1.724). Furthermore, we find the best fit w(z) crosses -1 in the past and the present best fit value w(0) = −1.114 < −1, and the 1σ confidence level of w(0) is −0.946 ≤ w(0) ≤ −1.282. Finally, we find that the MCG model has the smallest χ 2 min value in all eight given models. According to the Alaike Information Criterion (AIC) of model selection, we conclude that recent observational data support the MCG model as well as other popular models.
We apply in this paper the statefinder parameters to the interacting phantom energy with dark matter. There are two kinds of scaling solutions in this model. It is found that the evolving trajectories of these two scaling solutions in the statefinder parameter plane are quite different, and that are also different from the statefinder diagnostic of other dark energy models.PACS numbers: 98.80.Es Cosmic observations indicate that our universe is undergoing an accelerated expansion and the dominated component of the present universe is dark energy [1,2,3,4,5]. The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) satellite experiment tells us that dark energy, dark matter, and the usual baryonic matter occupy about 73%, 23%, and 4% of the total energy of the universe, respectively. The accelerated expansion of the present universe is attributed to the dark energy whose essence is quite unusual and there is no justification for assuming that it resembles known forms of matter or energy. Candidates for dark energy have been widely studied and focus on the cosmological constant Λ [6,7] with W = −1, a dynamically evolving scalar field (quintessence) [8,9] with W > −1 and phantom [10] with W < −1. Recently, a study of high-Z (Z is redshift) SNe Ia [11] find that the equation of state of dark energy has a 99% probability of being W < −1 if no priors are placed on Ω 0 m . When these SNe results are combined with CMB and 2dFGRS the 95% confidence limits on an unevolving equation of state are −1.46 < W < −0.78 [3,11] which is consistent with estimates made by other groups [4,5]. In order to obtain W < −1, phantom field with reverse sign in its dynamical term may be a simplest way and can be regarded as one of interesting possibilities describing dark energy [12]. However, the other physical properties of phantom energy are rather weird, as they include violation of the dominant-energy condition, naive superluminal sound speed and increasing energy density with time. The latter property ultimately leads to unwanted future singularity called big rip which had been considered in [13]. This singularity is characterized by the divergence of the scale factor in a finite time in future [14].Many authors have discussed various kinds of phantom field models to avoid the cosmic doomsday [15], which require a special class of phantom field potentials with a local maximum. Moreover, the energy density of the phantom field increases with time, while the energy density of the matter fluid decreases as the universe expands. Why are the energy density of dark matter and the phantom energy density of the same order just at the present epoch? This coincidence problem becomes more difficult to solve in the phantom model without the suitable interaction [16]. But Guo et al. in Ref. [17,18] proposed a suitable interaction in the phantom field model, and the coincidence problem can be avoided. Moreover in Ref.[18], the universe also avoids the big rip. In Ref.[18], considering a universe model which contains phantom field φ and the dark matter ρ ...
A five-dimensional Ricci-flat cosmological solution is studied by assuming that the induced 4D matter contains two components: the usual fluid for dark matter as well as baryons and a scalar field with an exponential potential for dark energy. With use of the phase-plane analysis it is shown that there exist two late-time attractors one of which corresponds to a universe dominated by the scalar field alone and the other is a scaling solution in which the energy density of the scalar field remains proportional to that of the dark matter. It is furthermore shown that for this 5D scaling solution the universe expands with the same rate as in the 4D FRW models and not relies on which 4D hypersurface the universe is located in the 5D manifold.
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