4D mass spectrometry quantifies 1430 differential abundant proteins in asthenozoospermic sperm samples. Further, integrative analysis identifies ECM1 as a novel biomarker related to sperm motility.

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Teratozoospermia is a common category of male infertility and with the increase in clinical patients and the increasing sophistication of assisted reproductive technology, there is an urgent need for an accurate semen diagnostic biomarker to accomplish rapid diagnosis of patients with teratozoospermia and accurately assess the success rate of assisted reproductive technologies. In this study, we performed gene differential expression analysis on two publicly available DNA microarray datasets (GSE6872 and GSE6967), followed by GSEA analysis to parse their enriched KEGG pathways, and WGCNA analysis to obtain the most highly correlated modules. Subsequent in-depth comparative analysis of the modules screened into the two datasets resulted in a gene set containing the identical expression trend, and then the differentially expressed genes in the set were screened using the corresponding criteria. Finally, three differentially expressed genes common to both datasets were selected. In addition, we validated the expression changes of this gene using another dataset (GSE6968) and in vitro experiments, and only screened one potential semen biomarker gene whose expression trend was identical to those in other datasets, which will also provide an important theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of teratozoospermia.

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Our previous study confirmed the beneficial effects of chestnut polysaccharides (CPs) on the spermatogenesis process, but the exact mechanism is not clear. Several studies have demonstrated the importance of a...

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Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is the most severe form of male infertility owing to the absence of sperm during ejaculation as a result of failed spermatogenesis. The molecular mechanisms of NOA have not been well studied. Here, we revealed the dysregulated differentially expressed genes in NOA and related signaling pathways or biological processes. Cluster features of biological processes include spermatogenesis, fertilization, cilium movement, penetration of zona pellucida, sperm chromatin condensation, and being significantly enriched metabolic pathways in proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation, aldosterone synthesis and secretion, glycolysis and glycogenesis pathways in NOA using Gene Ontology analysis and pathway enrichment analysis. The NOA gene co-expression network was constructed by weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify the hub genes ( CHD5 and SPTBN2 ). In addition, we used another Gene Expression Omnibus dataset (GSE45887) to validate these hub genes. Furthermore, we used the Seurat package to classify testicular tissue cells from NOA patients and to characterize the differential expression of hub genes in different cell types from different adult males based on the scRNA-seq dataset (GSE106487). These results provide new insights into the pathogenesis of NOA. Of particular note, CHD5 and SPTBN2 may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of NOA.

Background The transdifferentiation of skin‐derived stem cells (SDSCs) into primordial germ cell‐like cells (PGCLCs) is one of the major breakthroughs in the field of stem cells research in recent years. This technology provides a new theoretical basis for the treatment of human infertility. However, the transdifferentiation efficiency of SDSCs to PGCLCs is very low, and scientists are still exploring ways to improve this efficiency or promote the proliferation of PGCLCs. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of luteinising hormone (LH) to enhance porcine PGCLCs (pPGCLCs) proliferation. Results In this study, we dissected the proliferation regulatory network of pPGCLCs by whole transcriptome sequencing, and the results showed that the pituitary‐secreted reproductive hormone LH significantly promoted the proliferation of pPGCLCs. We combined whole transcriptome sequencing and related validation experiments to explore the mechanism of LH on the proliferation of pPGCLCs, and found that LH could affect the expression of Hippo signalling pathway‐related mRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs in pPGCLCs. Conclusions For the first time, we found that LH promotes pPGCLCs proliferation through the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks and Hippo signalling pathway. This finding may help to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which LH promotes pPGCLCs proliferation.