vitamin B12 supplementation on cognitive performance and inflammation in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Design: This was a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants: Patients (n=120) diagnosed clinically as probable AD and in stable condition from Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Measurements: Individuals were randomly divided into the intervention group (n=60, folic acid 1.2 mg/d + vitamin B12 50 μg/d) and the placebo group (n=60). Cognitive performance, blood folate, vitamin B12, one carbon cycle metabolite, and inflammatory cytokine levels were measured at baseline and after 6 months. The data were analyzed using linear mixed models for repeated measures. Results: A total of 101 participants (51 in the intervention group and 50 in the placebo group) completed the trial. Folic acid plus vitamin B12 supplementation had a beneficial effect on the MoCA total scores (P=0.029), naming scores (P=0.013), orientation scores (P=0.004), and ADAS-Cog domain score of attention (P=0.008), as compared to those of the control subjects. Moreover, supplementation significantly increased plasma SAM (P<0.001) and SAM/SAH (P<0.001), and significantly decreased the levels of serum Hcy (P<0.001), plasma SAH (P<0.001), and serum TNFα (P<0.001) compared to in the control subjects. Conclusions: Folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation showed a positive therapeutic effect in AD patients who were not on a folic acid-fortified diet. The findings of this study help to delineate nutrient intervention as far as public health management for the prevention of dementia is concerned.
With the development of cities and the advancement of science and technology, it is no longer possible to meet the needs of modern society only by relying on ground engineering construction projects. People are paying more and more attention to the development and utilisation of underground space. This paper is based on the discrete element method to study railway tunnels, comprehensively using theoretical analysis, laboratory tests and numerical simulations and other research methods. Aiming at the deterioration of surrounding rock conditions and insufficient tunnels in the study area, the influence of the cavity after lining on the long-term safety and remaining life of the railway tunnel was studied. The experimental results show that as the degree of tunnel shortage increases, the thickness of the railway tunnel and the safety factor of the full section of the structure are significantly reduced, and they are approximately linear.
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