Coastal bridges are normally confronted with a complex marine environment including wind, wave and current. Present researches rarely take the current action and pile-soil interaction into consideration. It is thus essential to conduct the dynamic analysis of the cable-stayed bridge under wind-wave-current action considering pile-soil interaction. A coupled wind-wave-current-bridge (WWCB) system is proposed in this study to help understand the bridge dynamic performance. In the WWCB system, the bridge model is established through the finite element method, and the pile-soil interaction is considered through the pile-soil solid contact (PSSC) model. The wave-current action is obtained through a numerical wave tank, while the wind is simulated as the stochastic random process and generated with spectrums. The initial geostress, mass and density distribution are also considered in the WWCB system. To illustrate the bridge dynamic characteristics, dynamic responses under different load combinations are presented. Furthermore, the natural frequency and spectral density function comparison between the consolidation model, PSSC model and soil-spring model are provided to investigate the influence of the pile-soil interaction. The results show that different from previous conclusions, the wave-current action plays the dominant role instead of the wind action in some cases when considering the pile-soil interaction. Additionally, the consideration of the pile-soil interaction would decrease the structural stiffness, resulting in lower natural frequencies and wider frequency distribution. Consequently, the influence of the wave-current action and pile-soil interaction should be noted in the practical engineering.
Based on the theories of computational fluid dynamics, aerodynamics, bridge dynamics and vehicle dynamics, a sea-crossing cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 532[Formula: see text]m is taken as the research object in this study to explore the characteristics of dynamic response when two CRH3 high-speed trains pass each other under the context of wind–wave combination. Firstly, the CFD method is used to construct an aerodynamic calculation model of the vehicle–bridge system under the context of wind–wave combination. Also, the first wind tunnel and wave flume tests are conducted to verify the numerical results of aerodynamic coefficients. Then, the bridge dynamics model and vehicle dynamics model are established by using both the finite element method and the multi-body dynamics method. Finally, a three-dimension vehicle–bridge coupled model is constructed by using the multi-body dynamic software SIMPACK to explore the effects of average wind and regular waves. It is demonstrated that the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle–bridge coupling system under the condition of wind–wave combination are different than under the context of average wind alone. According to the research result, wave effect can affect or make a difference to the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle–bridge coupling system. In general, there is only a slight increase in the dynamic responses of bridge structure including mid-span displacement when compared with the condition of average wind alone, including mid-span displacement. Meanwhile, the wind and waves combined condition also has a negative effect on the dynamic responses and running safety of high-speed trains. Especially for the leeward vehicle, the dynamic responses of the leeward train change more abruptly than under the single static wind condition with the increase of running speed.
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