The seedlings of two soybean genotypes, Altolerant PI 416937 (PI) and Al-sensitive Young, were cultured in the solution containing 0, 25 or 50 lM Al (AlCl 3 Á6H 2 O) for 24, 36 or 48 h in the hydroponics, and the calluses induced from two genotypes were cultured in medium containing 0, 10, 50 or 100 lM Al for 5, 10 or 15 days, respectively. The effects of Al on growth of seedling roots and calluses, antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) and lipid peroxidation were investigated. Under Al stress, PI was more tolerant to Al toxicity than Young at both intact plant and tissue levels and lower concentrations of Al significantly stimulated the root and callus growth of PI. Al application enhanced the activities of SOD and POD and lipid peroxidation in both roots and calluses of two genotypes. Although the differences of SOD activities between two genotypes in response to Al toxicity depended on Al concentration and durations of treatment, SOD activities in the roots of PI were higher than those in the roots of corresponding Young in the presence of Al for 36 or 48 h. Meanwhile, the POD activities in PI roots increased as the Al levels and durations of treatment increased, significantly higher than those in the corresponding Young roots. Moreover, Al-treated PI had significantly lower lipid peroxidation than Young at both root and callus levels. These results suggest that the enhanced antioxidant-related enzyme activities and reduced lipid peroxidation in PI might be one of Al-tolerant mechanisms.

In the face of multiple challenges in stabilizing economic growth, improving people's living quality, and limiting the total amount of CO2 emissions, firstly, this study analyzes the incentive and optimization policies of scientific and technological (S&T) talents from four aspects: incentive, cultivation, flow, and evaluation. Moreover, practical suggestions are put forward. Secondly, an optimization model of China's low-carbon economy (LCE) is implemented. The Matlab software can be adopted to solve the economic output of each department in the expected year and obtain the overall economic indicators for 2017 and 2022. Finally, the output influence and CO2 emission influence of each industry are analyzed. The research results are as follows. (1) From the viewpoint of public health (PH), the countermeasures and suggestions of the S&T talents policy mainly include four parts: building a complete S&T talents policy system, expanding the coverage group of the policy, strictly implementing the policy of evaluating S&T talents, and improving the guarantee mechanism of relevant talents introduction policy. (2) In 2017, the primary industry, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, accounted for 5.33%; the secondary industry, the energy sector accounted for 72.04%, and the tertiary industry (service industry) accounted for 22.63%. In 2022, the primary, secondary, and tertiary industry accounted for 6.09%, 68.44%, and 25.47%. (3) From the perspective of the industrial influence coefficient, the coefficient of all sectors is stable during 2017–2022. From the standpoint of CO2 emission, China's total CO2 emission shows rapidly increasing trend during the same period. This study has vital practical significance and theoretical value for realizing the sustainable development (SH) and transformation of the LCE.

Under the background of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, innovative entrepreneurship research is urgently needed for entrepreneurs. The aim was to explore the innovative entrepreneurship consciousness of new entrepreneurs. First, the regional competitive advantage theory is discussed. The research method of questionnaire survey is combined with statistical analysis to obtain relevant research data. Quantitative standards are used to measure the impact of regional advantages and policy support on entrepreneurs’ innovation and entrepreneurship. The policy content analysis and questionnaire survey are applied to discuss the impact of regional competitive advantage, educational psychology, innovation and entrepreneurship policy, and entrepreneurs’ innovation consciousness. Meantime, the policies related to entrepreneurs’ innovation and entrepreneurship are further explored. The results show that the proportions of young entrepreneurs suffering anxiety and depression are 29.4 and 27.5%, respectively, which are significantly higher than the national average. Besides, in the test, F=23.11, p<0.005, which indicates that all proposed hypotheses are valid. The results suggest that the overall mental health level of young new entrepreneurs is not high, and their consciousness of innovation and entrepreneurship needs to be strengthened. Under the wave of mass innovation and entrepreneurship, the research results can strengthen entrepreneurs’ innovative entrepreneurship consciousness and may have great theoretical and practical significance for improving and optimizing government innovation and entrepreneurship policies.

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