AbstrakTelah dilakukan pembuatan dan karakterisasi mekanik papan partikel berbasis cangkang buah karet dengan perekat limbah plastik polipropilen. Papan partikel dibuat dengan variasi berat serbuk cangkang buah karet masing-masing 50 gram, 100 gram dan 150 gram, dicetak dengan ukuran 28 cm × 12 cm × 4 cm. Campuran serbuk cangkang dan perekat selanjutnya dikempa menggunakan alat press sederhana selama 1 jam dalam keadaan panas, kemudian didiamkan selama 7 hari pada suhu kamar. Karakterisasi papan partikel meliputi pengujian sifat fisika dan sifat mekanik. Papan partikel yang terbuat dari limbah plastik polipropilena dan cangkang buah karet memiliki kerapatan 0,81 -0,88 g/cm 3 , kadar air 0,34 -0,93%, daya serap air 5,67 -10,69% dan tebal pengembangan 0,26 -1,62%. Hasil uji sifat mekanik papan partikel dari serbuk cangkang buah karet dan plastik polipropilena menunjukkan nilai keteguhan patah 53 -56,54 kgf/cm 2 , nilai keteguhan elastis 253,85 -400,87 kgf/cm 2 dan kuat cabut sekrup sebesar 1,96 kgf/cm 2 . Kata kunci: Cangkang buah karet, polipropilena, papan partikel, sifat fisika dan mekanik AbstractPreparation and characterization mechanical properties of particles board based shells fruit rubber use plastic of polypropylene waste as adhesive has been done. Preparation of the Particle board based shells fruit rubber and plastic of polypropylene addition with variation of 50, 100 and 150 grams. The Particle board was printed on the same size 28 cm × 12 cm × 4 cm. Blending of the internal shell powder and adhesive of polypropylene used a hot press for 1 hour, then settled for 7 days at room temperature. Characterization the particles board includes of the physics and mechanical properties. It is the density 0.81 -0.88 g/cm 3 , of the water content 0.34 -0.93%, water absorption 5.67 -10.69% and the thickness board expansion 0.26 -1.62%. The values of MOR and MOE of particle board was 53.00 -56.54 kgf/cm 2 , and 253.85 -400.87 kgf/cm 2 . The values of strong pull secrew was 1.96 kgf/cm 2 .
Synthesis of composite material based on sulfonated polystyrene and bacterial cellulose as a proton membrane has been carried out. In this study, the membrane was made with the variations mass ratio of sulfonated polystyrene : bacterial cellulose 1,5: 3,5, 2,5: 2,5, 3,5: 1,5. The previous step was sulfonation of polystyrene, in which the polystyrene used is styrofoam from electronic goods packaging waste. Polystyrene in this case styrofoam is sulfonated using the sulfonating agent trimethylsilyl chlorosulfonate. The membranes have characterized by analyzing of functional groups, proton conductivity, cation exchange capacity, and degree of swelling. The FTIR spectrum showed that the sulfonated polystyrene-bacterial cellulose composite material was successfully synthesized which was shown at the peak at wave number 1124.767 cm−1 which was a SO3 stretching vibration. The peak at wave number 962-1150 cm−1 was assigned the stretching of CO vibrations for C-OC and C-OH which indicates cellulose glycosidic bonds. The highest Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) value and proton conductivity were in the composite membrane: bacterial cellulose mass ratio 3,5: 1,5, the CEC value 2.25 meq/g and the proton conductivity value 1.176 x 10−6 S/cm2. This result shows that the sulfonated polystyrene-cellulose bacterial composite membrane has the ability to deliver protons so that it has the potential to be developed as a fuel cell membrane.
Biokonversi limbah kulit kopi menjadi pupuk kompos bertujuan untuk meningkatkan nilai guna dan bahkan dapat bernilai ekonomi limbah kulit kopi. Pengomposan didasarkan pada proses penguraian bahan organik yang terjadi secara alami. Proses penguraian dioptimalkan sedemikian rupa sehingga pengomposan dapat berjalan dengan lebih cepat dan efisien. Tujuan tersebut dicapai melalui beberapa tahapan diantaranya sosialisasi dan penyampaian informasi dan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat tentang biokonversi limbah kulit kopi menjadi pupuk kompos. Penyampaian informasi dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dan pembagian leaflet tentang biokonversi limbah kulit kopi menjadi kompos dan dilanjutkan dengan diskusi dan tanya jawab seputar kegiatan. Selanjutnya dilakukan kegiatan praktek pembuatan kompos dari limbah kulit kopi dengan komposisi bahan baku 80% limbah kulit kopi, 10% kotoran sapi dan 10 dedak/sekam padi. Hasil proses pembuatan kompos dari limbah kulit kopi dapat dilihat pada bulan kedua setelah kegiatan dilaksanakan. indikator terbentuknya pupuk kompos adalah warna kompos menghitam, tekstur yang lembut, mudah hancur dan rapuh. Pupuk yang sudah jadi siap untuk diaplikasikan pada lahan kebun untuk berbagai jenis tanaman. Pada masyarakat kelompok tani Pangestu Rakyat, pupuk yang dihasilkan diaplikasikan ke lahan kebun kopi dan kebun sayuran.
The aim of this community service to give information about the productivity of coconuts that are beneficial and of high economic value in the Farmers Group Pulau Panggung, Kaur Regency. Several methods including lectures, discussions, demonstrations, direct practice and observation were used. The results of this activity can be seen from the level of community participation in the activities indicated by the presence of 25 participants. In addition, the results of the activities carried out have been made of coconut products by the form of virgin coconut oil (VCO), nata de coco and coconut water fermentation drinks. The skills of participants in the manufacture of these products are conveyed by direct practice methods with the guidance of the speaker. Analysis of the benefits of coconut products is based on capital (raw materials) and products produced. The estimated selling price of the product produced from processed 20 coconuts is Rp. 7500 (nata de coco) and Rp. 600,000 (VCO). The advantage of the product made is that it can increase profits by Rp.
This study aims to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles - n-hexane extract of Cinnamomum parthenoxylon (CP) fruit using the ionic gelation method, to characterize them, and to determine their antifungal activity against the wood-rotting fungi Trametes versicolor and Fomitopsis palustris. Chitosan-CP extract nanoparticles were formulated with chitosan:Na-TPP:CP extract ratio of 1:1:0.5. Particle size and polydispersity index were determined using a particle size analyzer (PSA), and particles morphology was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and antifungal activity was measured using agar media. The results revealed that the average size of chitosan nanoparticles (base) was 276.9 nm, while the average size of chitosan-CP extract nanoparticles was 807.6 nm. The polydispersity index (PI) of both nanoparticles was greater than 0.7. Observations of the nanoparticles' morphology revealed that aggregation/agglomeration formed in the resulting particles. Both nanoparticles chitosan (base) and chitosan-CP extract inhibited the growth of white rot fungi (T. versicolor) more than brown rot fungi (F. palustris), as measured by the inhibitory zone.
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