The quantity of plastic waste generated by the public has increased dramatically over the years. Biomass is an abundant and substantial energy resource found in diverse forms all over the planet. In this regard, the co-pyrolysis of plastic and biomass wastes is an attractive option to mitigate the issue of waste accumulation and viable fuel production. This review focuses on progress in waste disposal and energy generation through co-pyrolysis. The properties of common solid feedstock combinations are addressed with an emphasis on proximate analysis, elemental composition, and heating value. Subsequently, state-of-the-art kinetics is reviewed and compared for the efficacies of various kinetic models, which could be applied to understand decomposition mechanisms. The synergy between biomass and plastics was analyzed, and the impact of decomposition mechanisms on the bio-oil, char, and gas yield and composition was discussed. In addition, this study unveiled various reaction pathways for non-catalytic and catalytic co-pyrolysis. Finally, a summary of the economics in co-pyrolysis with knowledge gaps concerning waste management and energy production is addressed. The main goal of this review is to provide a feasible, practical pathway for clean and effective plastic waste disposal by using biomass waste to increase the synergistic effect.
Biomass energy is nowadays recognized as a potential source which constitutes the main portion of expected renewable energy supplies in the future. Biomass resources such as municipal solid waste, agricultural residue food processing industry waste, energy crops are a common type of renewable energy source and it help to produce energy, chemicals, and fuels. The useful energy recovered from biomass can be effectively utilized by a bio-energy conversion technique known as pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is considered as a kind of thermo-chemical conversion technique of waste material in the inert atmosphere to harvest biochar, syn-gas and bio fuel. Bio fuel harvest from forestry biomass through the microwave pyrolysis technology has been significantly attracting attention in the renewable energy sector over recent years. This is because of fact that microwave pyrolysis can possibly reduce greenhouse gases and contribute to energy security. A simulation model of pyrolysis process is developed by using a software called advanced system for process engineering it is basically a simulation tool for computer-aided energy modelling. This software is used to optimize and analyse the efficiency of the process involved in pyrolysis and to increase the output product yield such as bio-oil, syn-gas, and biochar with respect to the function of input parameters such as pyrolysis temperature and physio-chemical character of the biomasses. The ASPEN PLUS simulation is carried out using four different variety of biomasses namely Acacia Nilotica, Calophyllum inophyllum seed, rice husk, and Bael shell. The simulation results demonstrate that Calophyllum inophyllum seed is best suited for bio-oil production through microwave pyrolysis as it contains low moisture content and higher cellulose. The obtained bio-oil yield is up to 48% can be found from this non-edible biomass.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.