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Bagasse, corncob and sawdust were used as lignocellulosic substrates for the production of cellulase enzyme using Aspergillus flavus after ballmilling and pretreatment with caustic soda. From the fermentation studies, sawdust gave the best result with an enzyme activity value of 0.0743IU/ml while bagasse and corncob gave 0.0573IU/ml and 0.0502IU/ml respectively. The three lignocellulosics gave their maximum enzyme activities at about the twelfth hour of cultivation, suggesting that the 12th hour is the optimum time when the enzyme may be harvested.

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a b s t r a c tThis paper suggests that a system dynamics approach is best suited to assess the sustainability of technologies, with a specific emphasis on policy interventions for renewable energy in the African context. A bioenergy technology sustainability assessment (BIOTSA) model is subsequently demonstrated by analysing the outcomes of a proposed biodiesel production development on selected sustainability indicators for the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. In addition, some scenarios are tested to compare how they may improve the selected indicators. The BIOTSA model results are useful to compare dynamic consequences that may result from the proposed biodiesel production development and the respective policies and decisions that may arise from such a development. Nevertheless, recommendations are made to improve the usefulness and practicability of this type of model for technology assessment purposes.

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