Disseminated tuberculosis (TB) can mimic metastatic disease because of its multi-organ involvement (including bones), which can make the diagnosis much more complicated. Tracheoesophageal fistula is a very uncommon manifestation of TB, as is multifocal skeletal TB. There are reports of TB presenting either as multifocal skeletal TB or as tracheoesophageal fistulae, but we could not find any case reports describing both of these entities in a single patient and essentially mimicking a metastatic oesophageal neoplasm. However, we here describe one such case, which was managed medically.
Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic fungal infection seen in immunocompromised individuals. It is caused by the yeast-like fungus Cryptococcus and predominantly affects the lungs and central nervous system. Immunocompetent individuals very rarely develop bone involvement and only a few cases of cryptococcal osteomyelitis in patients without other comorbid conditions have been described. Only one other case of pelvic involvement, which was accompanied by lymphopaenia, has been reported. We describe the case of a 42-year-old immunocompetent man with cryptococcal hip osteomyelitis.
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