<p>The authors of the article formulated the information monitoring system of Almaty city (The Republic of Kazakhstan). One of the urgent problems of the modern world is the ecological safety of the urban environment. The well-known unfavorable natural and anthropogenic factors of the Almaty city include the following: geographical and climatic features of the area, the lack of technologies for monitoring atmospheric air and traffic jams. All of the above factors increase the emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, in particular, toxic heavy metals. A promising direction for solving this problem is the development of real-time monitoring using a mathematical model of data assimilation and the creation of software that allows you to assess the state of the system in real time. In this regard, this article describes the developed information system for the algorithm of data assimilation that optimizes the process of monitoring atmospheric air pollution with heavy metals.</p>
Since 1990, Almaty City's soils has been considerably polluted by heavy metals, which resulted in its' unhealthy ecological conditions. Almaty soils are light chestnut soils with the following physical and chemical properties: packing, 1.6±0.5 g•cm-3 ; available air space, 36.1 ± 9.4%; salt composition of the soil aqueous extract, 0.12±0.04%; hygroscopity (water-absorbing quality), 17.2±1.8, quantity of exchangeable cations, mg• eqv•100 g soil-59.1±4.2 Ca 2+ , 8.4±0.5 Mg 2+ , 0.6±0.1 K + , 0.3±0.04 Na + ; humus, 1.6±0.4%; С total , 0.9±0.2%; N total , 0.14±0.02. The purpose of this research was to determine the degree of soil toxicity by the method of multisubstrate testing (MST) for the integral studies of Almaty city soils' bacterial communities, polluted by heavy metals (HM). This method measures soil bacterial communities' activity in terms of its uptake intensity of 47 different organic substrates. Their stunted condition was determined through a decreased amount of consumed substrates ("N") and urban soils' metabolic activity decay: total biomass ("W"), load upon ecosystem or disturbance "d" coefficient. It was found that: "d" ecoefficient equaled 1.0 for the baseline soil and "d" ratio equaled 0.6 for urban soils. Ecological soil state was assessed using MST method, looking into soil bacterial communities' activity in terms of its uptake intensity of different organic substrates. This method was developed in the last decade of the twentieth century for the purpose of investigation of soil microbial communities' state. Thus, urban soil samples displayed worse uptake intensity than the baseline soil. Hence, the MST method may be used as the original method of evaluation of urban soil toxicity degree.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.