Urolithiasis is a common problem in general population. It is treated conservatively as well as surgically. Aim of this study is to see the effects of forced diuresis in relieving acute symptoms or descent of ureteric stone or passing of stone. Study was done on 207 cases of all age group selected by simple method with symptoms of pain, burning micturition, increased frequency, haematuria, etc. In our study forced diuresis given in all 207 patients and after giving treatment, relief in symptoms, any descent or passage of urinary stone or any changes in urine routine and microscopic examination was noted and compared. In this study, symptomatic relief and gradual decline in pus cells was found in most of the cases with renal calculi, vesical calculi, ureter calculi and uretheral and multiple sites of urinary tract system. In most of the ureteric calculi, it worked as a definitive treatment as stone passed out in most of these cases. In this study author concluded that in acute symptomatic patients, relief can be obtained by forced diuresis and then patient can be planned for elective management.
Background: Periodontal surgeries are often followed by post-operative pain and discomfort which is a major concern to both the clinician and the patient. Every effort is being made to reduce the post-operative pain, one amongst them being the pre-operative medication with NSAIDS like ketorolac tromethamine. This type of agent acts peripherally by inhibiting the release of prostaglandins and minimizing the local inflammatory response hence it may be advantageous in reducing post-operative pain and discomfort. Thus, the efficacy of preoperative ketorolac tromethamine administration on periodontal postoperative pain was evaluated. Material & Methods: Two groups of 15 patients each were selected for the study. One group received 20 mg ketorolac immediately before periodontal flap surgery, and the other group doesn’t received any drug. Combination of Diclofenac sodium 50 mg & Paracetamol 325mg tablets was provided as “rescue analgesic. The visual analog scale modified with using numerical rating scales and Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale was used to estimate pain. Postoperative pain was assessed hourly for the first 12 h on the day of surgery, and 4 times daily on the 1st and 2nd postsurgical days. Timing and dose of rescue analgesic remedication were also recorded. Results: Results indicated that preoperative treatment with ketorolac significantly reduced initial pain intensity and delayed the onset of postoperative pain as compared to no premedication group. Incidence and amount of rescue medication consumption was small in ketorolac groups. No adverse reactions related to preoperative medication were observed. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that 20-mg ketorolac administered immediately before periodontal surgery was effective for alleviating the early postoperative painful sequelae, affected delayed pain levels and postoperative rescue analgesic consumption.
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