A novel high birefringence gold-coated photonic crystal fiber (PCF) polarization filter based on surface plasmon resonance is proposed. The six elliptical holes arranged in a specific mode surrounding the core are utilized to gain high birefringence, and gold is coated inside the air holes to generate surface plasmons. By improving structural parameters, we achieve one state of polarization to propagate through the filter whereas the other state is severely attenuated. Specially, in the 1550 nm communication band, the confinement loss of y-polarized mode can reach 442 dB/cm while the corresponding loss of x-polarized mode is only 0.0316 dB/cm. The distinction between two losses is more than 10 000 times. In addition, when the length of the designed PCF filter is 1 mm, an extinction ratio of 326 dB/cm is obtained. The applicable bandwidth is up to 300 nm while the fiber length is merely 50 μm, which is better than other reported literatures. Owing to above-mentioned characteristics, the proposed polarization filter can be widely applied in compact and broadband filters in the communication band.
The incorporation of renewable energies and power storage at distribution facilities are one of the important features in the smart grid. In this paper, a hybridized intelligent home renewable energy management system (HIHREM) that combines solar energy and energy storage services with the smart home is planned based on the demand response and time of consumption pricing is applied to programs that offer discounts to consumers that reduce their energy consumption during high demand periods. The system is designed and handled with minimal energy requirements at home through installation of renewable energy, preparation, and arrangement of power stream during peak and off-peak periods. The best energy utilization of residential buildings with various overlapping purposes is one of the most difficult issues correlated with the implementation of intelligent micro-network systems. A major component of the smart grid, the domestic energy control system (HIHREM) provides many benefits, such as power bill reductions, reduction in wind generation, and demand compliance. This showed that the proposed energy scheduling method minimizes the energy consumption by 48% and maximizes the renewable energy consumed at the rate 65% of the total energy generated. A new model for smart homes with renewable energies is introduced in this report. The proposed HIHREM method achieves high performance and reduces cost-utility.
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