Using two-fluid LES technology, a numerical model is developed to simulate double-plume formation under conditions relevant to CO 2 ocean sequestration applications. A small-scale ocean turbulent flow is created and maintained by a forced-dissipative mechanism and LES. Data on ocean currents, temperature and salinity were employed by the model as inlet boundary and initial conditions, respectively. A set of empirical formulae, calibrated with laboratory experimental data, was developed to describe momentum, mass and heat transfer phenomena. Using this model, the influence of the initial diameter of CO 2 droplets released in the deep ocean and thermal effects on the structure of two plumes were investigated. The height of the CO 2 droplet plume and the local minimum pH within the CO 2 -enriched seawater plume were found to be very sensitive to the initial diameter of injected CO 2 droplets. Plume height and pH are two key parameters to assess CO 2 sequestration efficiency and related biological impacts. Thermal effects associated with CO 2 dissolution appeared to have limited influence on CO 2 -enriched seawater plume structure and pH, but can significantly affect the LCO 2 plume and the temperature field near the CO 2 injection nozzle.
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