In this study, liquid-crystalline lipidic cubic phases (LCPs) formed by monoolein (MO) were used as hosting matrices to co-entrap enzymes and mediators to fabricate enzyme electrodes for biosensors and enzymatic biofuel cells (BFCs). An ethanol dehydrogenase (ADH)-based bioelectrode was fabricated by co-immobilizing ADH and electrocatalyst, toluidine blue (TB) into MO to form doped LCPs on glassy carbon substrate electrode. The prepared bioelectrode was used for ethanol sensing and bioanode of ethanol/air BFC. The constructed ethanol biosensor displays good linear concentration range from 0 to 15.6 mM with a detection limit of 0.09 mM and was applied for ethanol detection in human serum with satisfactory results. To construct an ethanol/air BFC, a biocathode for oxygen reduction was fabricated by co-immobilizing laccase and redox mediator, 2, 2 -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) into MO to form doped LCPs on glassy carbon substrate electrode. The performances of the constructed ethanol/air BFC were characterized in buffer solution and red wine, respectively. The open circuit voltage (OCV) and maximum power density of the ethanol/air BFC are 0.53 V and 12.0 μWcm −2 at 0.36 V in buffer solution, and 0.42 V and 2.78 μW cm −2 at 0.26 V in red wine, respectively.
Ultralow Pt-loading Au nanoparticles have been fabricated on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) by using underpotential deposition (UPD) monolayer redox replacement process. The Pt/Au/RGO modified electrode exhibits an excellent electrocatalytic activity toward catechol and hydroquinone. Under the optimized condition, the separation of peak-to-peak between hydroquinone and catechol is 197 mV, which is wide enough to distinguish the isomers of benzenediol. Catechol is detected by the Pt/Au/RGO/GCE with a low detection limit in the presence of hydroquinone.
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