Two novel bacterial strains, SLG210-30A1 T and SLG210-19A2, which shared 99.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with each other, were isolated from petroleum-contaminated saline soil in Shengli Oilfield, eastern China. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, motile, aerobic, mesophilic and moderately halophilic. They could grow chemoheterotrophically with oxygen as an electron acceptor. Morphologically, cells were typical Caulobacteria-type dimorphic prosthecate bacteria. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains SLG210-30A1 T and SLG210-19A2 were 61.8 mol% and 61.6 mol% respectively. Strain SLG210-30A1 T had Q10 as the predominant respiratory ubiquinone, and C 16 : 0 (28.4 %), C 17 : 0 (11.6 %), C 18 : 0 (22.1 %) and C 18 : 1 v7c (14.0 %) as the major cellular fatty acids. The polar lipids of the two isolates were some glycolipids, a lipid, a phospholipid, an aminoglycolipid and an aminophospholipid (all unidentified). The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains SLG210-30A1 T and SLG210-19A2 showed the highest similarities with Glycocaulis abyssi MCS 33 T (99.8-99.9 %), but low sequence similarities (,94.7 %) with type strains of other members of the family Hyphomonadaceae. However, the DNA-DNA relatedness of G. abyssi MCS 33 T to strains SLG210-30A1 T and SLG210-19A2 was 37.4±4.4 % and 36.1±1.1 %, respectively. Based on different physiological, biochemical, and phylogenetic characteristics, strains SLG210-30A1 T and SLG210-19A2 represent a novel species of the genus Glycocaulis. The name Glycocaulis albus is therefore proposed with strain SLG210-30A1 T (5LMG 27741 T 5CGMCC 1.12766 T ) as the type strain. An emended description of the genus Glycocaulis is also provided.In 2005, Lee et al. divided the order Caulobacterales proposed by Henrici & Johnson (1935) into three families: Caulobacteraceae, Hyphomonadaceae and 'Rhodobacteriaceae' (Lee et al., 2005). The family Hyphomonadaceae contained 14 genera and 31 species at the time of writing, with members isolated mainly from marine environments, and sharing similar morphological, physiological and biochemical features (Weiner et al., 2000;Wu et al., 2009 After grown in LB medium at 37 u C for 1 day when cell growth reached exponential phase, the cell morphology of strain SLG210-30A1 T was observed by transmission electron microscopy (JEM-1230; JEOL) and Gram-staining was examined with light microscopy (Tindall et al., 2010). The temperature range for cell growth was tested in liquid LB medium at 4, 15, 20, 25, 30, 37, 40, 45, 50 and 55 u C while NaCl and pH were kept at 1 % and pH 8.0, respectively. The salt requirement for growth was tested with NaCl concentrations ranging from 0-10 % (w/v) at 1 % intervals (Imhoff & Caumette, 2004), while temperature and pH were kept at 37 u C and pH 8.0, respectively. The pH range for growth was tested at pH 4, 5, 6, 7, 7.6, 8, 8.6, 9 and 10 (Takai et al., 2002), while temperature and NaCl were kept at 37 u C and 1 %, respectively. These tests were performed in triplicate with strains SLG210-30A1 T , SLG210-19A2 and G. abyssi MCS 33 T . ...
Two moderately halophilic strains, designated SL013A34A2(T) and SL013A24A, were isolated from oil-contaminated saline soil from Shengli Oilfield, eastern China. Cells were found to be Gram-staining negative, aerobic, rod-shaped with a single polar flagellum. The isolates were found to grow at 10-40 °C (optimum 35 °C), pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum pH 8.0), and NaCl concentrations of 0.5-18.0 % (w/v) (optimum 3.0-6.0 NaCl). The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the isolates belong to the genus Marinobacter. Strain SL013A34A2(T) shares the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with strain SL013A24A (99.3 %), followed by M. hydrocarbonoclasticus CGMCC 1.7683(T) (97.8 %), M. vinifirmus CGMCC 1.7265(T) (97.8 %), and M. excellens KMM 3809(T) (97.4 %), respectively, but low similarities (93.8-96.4 %) with type strains of the other numbers of genus Marinobacter. DNA-DNA relatedness values of strain SL013A34A2(T) with strains SL013A24A, M. hydrocarbonoclasticus CGMCC 1.7683(T), M. vinifirmus CGMCC 1.7265(T) and M. excellens KMM 3809(T) were 88.7, 29.2, 33.4 and 29.4 %, respectively. The major fatty acids of strain SL013A34A2(T) were identified as C18:1 ω9c, C16:0, C12:03-OH, C12:0, C16:1 ω9c and 10-methyl C18:0. The major respiratory quinone of strain SL013A34A2(T) was found to be ubiquinone-9, and its predominant polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and unidentified glycolipid. The genomic DNA G + C content was found to be 56.1 mol %. Based on the phenotypic, genetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, these two isolates are representatives of a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter shengliensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SL013A34A2(T)(=LMG 27740(T) = CGMCC 1.12758(T)).
An aerobic, Gram-staining negative, non-motile, and rod-shaped bacterial strain, SS011A0-7#2-2(T), was isolated from the sediment of South China Sea with the depth of 1,500 m. Optimum growth occurred at pH 8.0, 30 °C, and 6 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain SS011A0-7#2-2(T) did not synthesize bacteriochlorophyll a or carotenoid, neither possess photosynthesis genes. Its genome DNA G+C content was 67.9 mol%. It contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18:1 ω7c (52.3 %) as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified phospholipid, and unidentified aminolipid. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that it was closely related to Seohaeicola saemankumensis SD-15(T), Phaeobacter gallaeciensis BS 107(T) and Roseovarius pacificus 81-2(T) in Rhodobacteraceae, with the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities being 96.5, 95.7, and 95.6 %, respectively. However, the phylogeny of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain SS011A0-7#2-2(T) was a member of the genus Seohaeicola. Strain SS011A0-7#2-2(T) was moderately halophilic which was different from Seohaeicola saemankumensis SD-15(T), and it showed the enzyme activities and carbon source spectrum significantly different from Seohaeicola saemankumensis SD-15(T). As its physiological and chemotaxinomic properties were different from those of Seohaeicola saemankumensis SD-15(T), strain SS011A0-7#2-2(T) represents a novel species of the genus Seohaecola. The name Seohaeicola nanhaiensis sp. nov. is proposed, with strain SS011A0-7#2-2(T) (=LMG 27733(T) = CGMCC 1.12759(T)) as the type strain.
Three Gram-negative bacterial strains, DQW12E6-69-1(T), DQW12E61-22-1, and DQW12E6-22-1-1, were isolated from an oil production mixture from Daqing Oilfield, northeastern China. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the three strains formed a stable cluster different from the known genus in Rhodobacteraceae of Alphaproteobacteria. In addition, they were most closely related to species in genera Pararhodobacter, Rhodobacter ,and Rhodobaca with the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities being 95.1-95.9 %. Cells of the three strains were aerobic; they do not require salt to grow but are resistant to high salinity. They could conduct chemoorganoheterotrophic growth on various carbon sources, with non-phototrophic growth observed. The genomic DNA G+C contents of the strains DQW12E6-69-1(T), DQW12E6-22-1-1, and DQW12E61-22-1 were 63.8, 63.7, and 63.6 mol%, respectively. The predominant respiratory ubiquinone of DQW12E6-69-1(T) was Q-10, and the major fatty acids were C18:1 ω7c, C(18:0), and C(10:0) 3-OH. Photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic reaction center gene pufM were not detected. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, unidentified glycolipid, and unidentified phospholipid. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strains DQW12E6-69-1(T), DQW12E61-22-1, and DQW12E6-22-1-1 represent a novel genus and a novel species of the family Rhodobacteraceae. The name Halodurantibacterium flavum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed with strain DQW12E6-69-1(T) (=LMG 27742(T) = CGMCC 1.12756(T)) as the type strain.
Two aerobic Gram staining negative, non-motile, and rod-shaped strains, DQW12E81-30(T) and DQW12E6-37-1, were isolated from an oil production mixture from Daqing Oilfield, northeastern China. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains DQW12E81-30(T) and DQW12E6-37-1 were members of family Rhodobacteraceae, which showed 95.6-95.9 % of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Pararhodobacter aggregans DSM 18938(T), Rhodobacter veldkampii CGMCC 1.5006(T), and Roseinatronobacter thiooxidans DSM 13087(T), and lower similarities (<95.1 %) with all the left type species. Growth of strains DQW12E81-30(T) and DQW12E6-37-1 occurred at pH 7-8, 15-45 °C, and 0-4 % (w/v) of NaCl. The strains could grow both in dark and in light, but neither photosynthetic pigments nor photosynthetic reaction center gene pufM were detected in the strains. These photosynthesis-related features of the two isolates were different from those of Rhodobacter and Roseinatronobacter bacteria, but similar with those of Pararhodobacter. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains DQW12E81-30(T) and DQW12E6-37-1 were 66.9 and 63.7 mol%, respectively. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-10 for both the strains. The major polar lipids of strain DQW12E81-30(T) were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, unidentified aminolipid, unidentified glycolipid, and unidentified phospholipid. The two strains had C18:1 ω7c, C18:0, and C18:1 ω7c 11-methyl as the major fatty acids. In addition, the strains DQW12E81-30(T) and DQW12E6-37-1 had C16:1 ω7c/C16:1 ω6c, C12:0, C14:0, C14:0 3-OH/C16:1 iso I, C10:0 3-OH, which were remarkably different from those of Pararhodobacter and Roseinatronobacter. The results of phenotypic, genotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics analyses indicated that strains DQW12E81-30(T) and DQW12E6-37-1 were readily different from their most phylogenetically closely related genera. Plastorhodobacter daqingensis gen. nov, sp. nov. is proposed for strains DQW12E81-30(T) and DQW12E6-37-1. The type strain is DQW12E81-30(T) (=LMG 27732(T)=CGMCC 1.12750(T)).
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