We evaluated salt tolerance in 319 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Roshan and Falat (seri82) in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). This study identified quantitative trait lci (QTLs) with additive (a) and additive×additive (aa) epistatic effects, and characterized their salt treatment interactions (at and aat) at the seedling stage. Using a genetic map of 730 DArT and SSR markers, we identified 65 additive QTLs governing 13 traits using the QTL Cartographer program to assess single-treatment phenotypic values. We further identified 13 additive and 14 epistatic QTLs for 10 traits with the QTLNetwork program using multitreatment phenotypic values. Our results show that four of the additive and seven of the epistatic QTLs exhibited an effect on the response to salt treatment. Morphological traits had less effect on treatment than physiological traits did. Of the three additive QTLs found to affect shoot Na + concentration, two colocalized with loci governing shoot fresh or dry weight (1B-2 and 3B-1). Thirteen pairs of QTLs across five chromosomal groups were detected at homologous positions in the A, B, and D genomes, indicative of synteny.

In order to detect genomic regions with different effects for some of the physiological and biochemical traits of wheat, four experiments were conducted at Research Farm of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Zabol in 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing seasons. The experiments were carried out using four alpha lattice designs with two replications under non-stress and terminal heat stress conditions. Plant materials used in this study included 167 recombinant inbred lines and their parents ('SeriM82' and 'Babax'). Six traits including grain yield (GY), proline content (PRO), water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), maximum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), cytoplasmic membrane stability (CMS) and chlorophyll content (CHL) were evaluated. Genetic linkage map consisted of 211 AFLP marker, 120 SSR marker and 144 DArT markers with 1864 cm length and 4.4 cm mean distance. QTL analysis was carried out using a mixedmodel-based composite interval mapping (MCIM) method. By the combined analysis of normal phenotypic values, 27 additive QTLs and five pairs of epistatic effects were identified for studied traits, among which two additive and one epistatic QTL showed significant QTL 9 environment interactions. By the combined analysis of stress phenotypic values, a total of 26 QTLs with additive effects and 5 epistatic QTLs were detected, among which one additive and one epistatic QTL showed QTL 9 environment interactions. Six QTLs with major effects (QGY-2B, QGY-2D, QPro-5B, QWSC-4A, QFv/Fm-6A and QCMS-4B), which were common between two conditions could be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in order to develop heat tolerant and high-performance wheat varieties.

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