Background and Objectives: Spiritual well-being is one of the most important aspects of the quality of life that affects women's health and development. The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive role of spiritual well-being for optimism and life expectancy among women who referred to health centers. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted based on a correlational research design. The study population included all women who referred to health centers in Mahabad, Iran. In total, 200 women were selected based on the convenience sampling method. The data were collected using an optimism questionnaire designed by Nori and Janbozorgi, Miller Hope Scale, and spiritual well-being scale developed by Paloutzian and Ellison. In addition, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 20) through the Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression test. Results: The results of the present study revealed that optimism (r=0.21) and life expectancy (r=0.28) correlated significantly with the spiritual well-being of women (P<0.01). Moreover, the obtained standard coefficients indicated that life expectancy (Beta=0.26) and optimism (Beta=0.21) are the first and second most determinative variables in predicting the spiritual well-being of women, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, spiritual well-being plays a predictive role for life expectancy and optimism, respectively. Therefore, skill-based training, such self-attribution, hopefulness, and optimism is essential to improve the spiritual well-being of women.
Introduction: Subjective well-being is of the important components of mental health and identifying the factors affecting it is of great importance. Hence, the current study aimed at predicting the subjective well-being of patients with cancer based on mindfulness and perceived self-efficacy. Methods: The current descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 150 hospitalized patients with cancer in Tabriz, Iran in 2016. The subjects were selected through the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using 3 valid and reliable scales of the Molavi subjective well-being, the Baer mindfulness, and the Schwarzer self-efficacy, and analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. Results: Findings showed a significant positive correlation between mindfulness and perceived selfefficacy, and subjective well-being (sig = 0.01). Regression analysis indicated mindfulness 17.20% and perceived self-efficacy 27.00% in the study subjects. Conclusions: Increased mindfulness and perceived self-efficacy can be used to enhance subjective well-being and improve life satisfaction in patients with cancer. Hence, it is suggested to contribute psychologists in the prevention and intervention programs in order to promote mental health and subjective well-being in patients with cancer to pay special attention to self-care.
Introduction: The subjective well-being of cardiovascular patients is one of the most important issues in mental health. It is necessary to consider factors, such as mindfulness and meaning of life that could play an important role in increasing well-being. The present study aimed at predicting subjective well-being based on meaning of life and mindfulness among cardiovascular patients. Methods: This correlational study was conducted on 152 patients (69 females and 83 males) with cardiovascular diseases during year 2016, using available sampling methods. The data collection tools included three valid and reliable scales: Molavi's subjective well-being, Stager's meaning in life, and Baer's mindfulness. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis with significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between "search of meaning" and subjective well-being (P < 0.001). In the same way, a relationship was also found among components of "focus and attention of awareness" and subjective well-being (r = 0.20, P < 0.001) and "Non-judgement of internal experiences" (r = 0.18, P < 0.001). Finally, the results of regression analysis showed that "search of meaning" (β = 0.17, P < 0.001), "focus and attention of awareness" (β = 0.19, P < 0.001), and "non-judgement of internal experiences" (β = 0.21, P < 0.001) were the predictors of subjective well-being of patients. Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, cardiovascular patients, who seek a meaning of life, have focus and attention of awareness, and show non-judgement of internal experiences, experience more subjective well-being. Therefore, training and application of positive self-care approaches for these people are recommended.
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