Background: Blood transfusion is an essential component of modern health care that saves millions of lives each year, and it will continue to be so for many years to come.Aim : the current study aimed to assess nurses' performance regarding nursing care of patients undergoing blood transfusion. Subjects and Methods : A descriptive research design was utilized in this study. The study was carried out at three hospitals affiliated to the Ministry of Health (Port-Said General Hospital, Port -Fouad General Hospital, and El-Zohoer Centeral Hospital). The study sample composed of 134 nurses. The data were collected using three tools (a structured interview sheet for knowledge, nurses' attitude questionnaire and an observational checklist for practice. Results: The results of the present study revealed that there were highly statistically significant relations between the studied nurses' total knowledge mean scores and total practice mean scores with their educational level with p ≤ 0.001. In addition ,there was a highly positive statistically significant correlation between the studied nurses' total knowledge mean scores and their total practice mean scores with p ≤ 0.00 .Conclusion : Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that, the majority of the studied nurses have unsatisfactory level of knowledge and less than three-quarters of them have unsatisfactory level of practice with more than the half of them have positive attitudes regarding nursing care of patients undergoing blood transfusion. It was recommended that educational training programs should be provided to nurses to improve their level of knowledge and practice about nursing care provided to patients undergoing blood transfusion.
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