Erbil during the winter growing season (2014)(2015), to investigate the effect of sowing dates, seeding rates on growth parameters, yield and its component of different rapeseed genotypes . A factorial experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with three replicates was applied, the first factor included three genotypes (Pactol, Raja and Rendy), the second factor included three sowing dates (15 th October, 31 st October, and 15 th November), while the third factor represented two seeding rates (4 and 6 kg ha -1 ).The results indicated that the sowing on 15 th October was superior and gave highest rate of leaf area (1986.34 cm 2 ), dry matter weight (23.86 g plant -1 ), plant height (208.63 cm), number of primary branches (8.05), number of secondary branch (5.75), stem diameter (11.04 mm), number of siliques plant -1 (218.75), number of seeds silique -1 (21.95), weight of thousand seeds (3.31 g), seed yield (3.39Mg ha -1 ). Increasing seeding rate from 4 to 6 kg ha -1 caused reduction in all growth characteristics of Rapeseed genotypes except plant height. While Pactol genotype obtained the highest seed yield (4.49 Mg ha -1 ) when sown on 15 th October with seeding rate of 4 kg ha -1 .

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The conducted study compares the phytochemical and the antimicrobial potential of four varieties of Brassica napus seed oils. The plant seeds were cultivated during the winter growing season. Soxhlet extractor and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) were used for essential oil analysis. The micro broth dilutionassay was applied to test the antimicrobial potential (MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration, MBC: Minimum bactericidal concentration) of the extracted essential oils against different bacterial strains. A total of 56 phytochemicals were found, including 23 and 25 compounds in the oils of Pactol and Rapifera seed varieties,respectively, and 21 compounds in each of Bacara and Rally seed oils. Oleic acid constituted about 35.79 %, 15.62%, 7%, and 2.41 % for Rally, Bacara, Rapifera, and Pactol seed oils, respectively. Gram-positive bacteria, Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus agalactiae, showed lower resistance potentials (MIC= 0.78%, 3.125%respectively) (MBC=1.36%, 6.25% respectively) to the essential oils compared with Staphylococcus aureus. Escherichia coli showed higher sensitivity (6.25% and 12.5% for MIC and MBC, respectively) than Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the B. napus seed oils. Gram-positive bacteria weremore sensitive to the tested essential oils than Gram-negative bacteria. Overall, four different seed varieties have important chemicals and fatty acids. Oleic acid was the most common carboxylic acid (fatty acid) and 2,4-decadienal with hexanal were the most prevalent aldehydes in four seed oils. Tested B. napus seed essential oilsshowed antimicrobial activities against various Gram-positive and negative bacteria and Candida albicans, with Pactol seed oils exerting the highest activity.

Region-Iraq during the winter growing season of (2014-2015), to select a genotype which has adaptation to our region depending on yield and quality in addition to anatomical study of the studied genotypes .For this purpose a field experiment was conducted for comparison among (12) genotypes using randomize complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates under supplemental irrigation condition. The results indicated that Dunckledgenoyype superior significantly in days from sowing to maturity , number of pods plant-1 , Seeds Pod-1 , Seed index , Seed yield (Mg ha-1) , biological yield and harvest index with the values of (166.33 days , 248.63, 25.68, 6.10 , 5.20, 16.20 and 0.32 respectively, while the highest values of oil% and oil yield were recorded from Bard-1 genotype. Results also revealed the presence of large variations in numbers of vascular bundles per midribs; stem epidermal layers and thickness of cells; cortex and vascular bundles for different genotypes. The differences were observed in the vascular bundles per midrib of leaf large vascular bundle surrounded by collenchyma, except Bard-1,Rally, Rendy and Rapiferathe midribs composes of three semicircular vascular bundles. and showed variations in stem epidermal layers, were two layers as in Sultan, Bacara, and Rapifera .

The research project designed for the first time on comparison of Hybrirock seeds and pactol seeds of Brssica napus L. A plant affiliation of Brassicaceae family. The objective of this study was to phytochemically analyzing of France purchased Hybrirock and local pactol seeds by Gas chromatography mass spectrophotometry and comparison of their essential oil components in relation with previous works. The French purchased hybrirock seeds and local pactol seeds were planted in Gerda rasha field Grdarash field, College of Agriculture, Salahaddin University-Erbil and seeda were stored for later chemical analysis. The GC-MS detections showed that the most abundant phytochemical constituents were E, E, 2, 4-Decadienal (22.3% for Hybrirock seed oils and 15.64% for pactol seed) and Hexanal (18.37 for hybrirock seed and 8.72% for Pactol seed oils), followed by 2-Undecenal (7.66% for hybrirock seed and 14.27% for pactol seed oils). Our study demonstrated that both studied genotypes of same species contained different important chemicals and beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids however glucosinolates were significantly higher in pactol seeds in compare with hybrirock seeds, making pactol seeds less edible and more suitable as nematicides or as precursor of Bio-fuels and the two tested genotype seeds have shown sufficient hydrocarbon content which can be used as a substitute of petrol hydrocarbon. While hybrirock seeds with higher fatty acid contents and lower glucosinolates possessing more edibility features to be used as food products and medical agents.