This study was conducted to determine the effects of LED lights in different colours (Daylight LED, Blue LED, Red LED and Blue LED + Red LED (50%+50%)) on emerging rates of R. luteum seeds and seedling growth). The LED lights were applied to the seeds grown on the acidic peat in foam cups superficially in the form of 16:8 hours (light:dark). The results showed that the emerging rates in seeds subjected to Daylight, Red LED, Red + Blue LED and Blue LED light were determined as 61%, 45.66%, 43%, and 35%, respectively. The effect of different light colors on plant height was significant (p<0.01). Red + Blue LED, Red LED, Blue LED and Daylight LED subjected plants' heights were determined as 10.342 cm, 10.262 cm, 75.06 cm, 7.139 cm, respectively. Diameters of seedlings were determined in Daylight, Blue LED, Red LED, Red + Blue LED subjected seedlings as 0.147 mm, 0.104 mm, 0.085 mm, 0.077 mm, respectively (p<0.01). The number of leaves were determined as 3.547, 2.000, 1.550, 1.302 in daylight, blue LED, red + blue LED and red LED subjected plants, respectively (p<0.01). To conclude, the best emerging rate and seedling growth were obtained from daylight treatment. Although the higher seedlings were obtained from Red+Blue LED and Red LED treatments, these seedlings were found as weak with thinner stem and less leaves.
This study was conducted to determine the effects of different seed sowing methods on emergence rate, densities of seedling emergence and seedling growth of five Rhododendron species (R. ponticum L., R. luteum Sweet, R. caucasicum Pallas, R. simirnowii Trautv and R. ungernii Trautv). Four different sowing methods were tested, manual sowing in a row (control), mixing with plant agar, mixing with Murashige and Skoog Basal medium (MS) and mixing with stream sand. The highest seed emergence rates were obtained by manual sowing in a row (control) with R. ponticum species (76 %) followed by R. luteum (66.6 %), R. smirnowii (55.33 %), R. ungernii (24 %) and R. caucasicum (15.33 %), respectively. Similarly, the values closest to ideal seed distribution for homogenous seedling density were obtained by hand-sowing in row method. The highest seedling height was obtained in MS medium with R. ponticum (2.11 cm), followed by R. luteum (3.08 cm), R. smirnowii (4.07 cm), and R. ungernii (1.39 cm), while the effect of the seeding method on seedling growth of R. caucasicum species was not significant. To conclude, the best homogeneous distribution of seedling emergence densities of Rhododendron species was obtained by a controlled manual seeding method. However, the seed sowing with MS mixing increased significantly seedling growth in all Rhododendron species.Farklı tohum ekim yöntemlerinin orman gülü (Rhododendron ssp.) tohumlarının çıkışları ve fide gelişimi üzerine etkileri Keywords: Rhododendron Seed Sowing medium MS Agar Sand ÖZET Bu araştırma, orman gülü türlerinin (Rhododednron ponticum L., R. luteum Sweet, R. caucasicum Pallas, R. simirnovii Trautv ve R. ungernii Trautv) tohumlarınına uygulanan farklı tohum ekim yöntemlerinin çıkış süresi, fide çıkış sıklıkları ve bitki büyümesine olan etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Ekim yöntemi olarak, elle sıraya ekme (kontrol), plant agar ile karıştırma, MS ile karıştırma ve dere kumu ile karıştırma olmak üzere dört farklı tohum ekim yöntemi denenmiştir.
Öz: Bu çalışmada, kuşburnu tohumlarının çimlenme oranı ve çöğür gelişimi üzerine farklı katlama ortamlarının (kum, torf, vermikülit ve vermikompost) ve sıcaklık uygulamalarının (ılık + soğuk) etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışma; Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümüne ait laboratuvarda ve seralarda, 2019 yılında 28 hafta süreyle katlamaya alınan tohumların 2020 yılında çıkışlarının incelenmesiyle yürütülmüştür. Kuşburnu tohumlarına, kum, torf, vermikülit ve vermikompost ortamlarında 14 hafta 22 o C'de ılık katlama + 14 hafta 4 o C'de soğuk katlama yapılmış, katlama sonucunda tohumlar serada viyollere ekilmiştir. Torf ve vermikompost ortamında çıkış meydana gelmemiş, kum ve vermikülit ortamlarında ise çıkış oranları sırasıyla % 2.5 ve % 11.75 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Çıkış yapan fideler 5 cm büyüklüğe ulaşınca saksılara alınmış, vegetasyon periyodunun sonunda kuşburnu çöğürlerinde; taç büyüklüğü, kök boğazı çapı, gövde sayısı, gövde uzunluğu ve çapı, sürgün sayısı, sürgün uzunluğu ve çapı, kök uzunluğu, kök kuru ve yaş ağırlığı, gövde kuru ve yaş ağırlığı olmak üzere farklı morfolojik özellikler belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda kuşburnu (Rosa canina L.) tohumlarında, 14 haftalık ılık katlama + 14 haftalık soğuk katlama süresinin yetersiz kaldığı, bu nedenle hem kısa süreli katlama hem de uzun süreli katlama uygulamalarında yalnızca katlama ortamı ve sıcaklığın tek başına yeterli olmadığı kanaatine varılmıştır.
The effects of different sowing times and stratification times on germination, and effects of different growing environments on bulb formation in Keşişbaşı (Muscari azureum Fenzl) seeds
This research was conducted to determine to the effects of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) doses and propagation season on rooting rates and some root parameters of Rhododendron species, R. ponticum L., R. luteum Sweet, R. ungernii Trautv, and R. caucasicum Pallas. Air layering technique and IBA doses (0, 500 ppm, and 1,500 ppm) were applied to each Rhododendron species in their natural habitat in autumn and spring. In the present investigation, dry root weight (mg), root length (cm), root volume (cm3), and root diameter (mm) were investigated as root quality parameters. The highest rooting efficiency (100%) was obtained from R. caucasicum and R. ungernii species. The rooting efficiencies of R. ponticum (between 6.67% to 66.67%) and R. luteum (between 0% to 53.33%) species were lower than the other two species. The heaviest dry root (266.10 mg), the largest root volume (1.49 cm3), and the thickest root diameter (0.05 cm) were obtained in autumn and 1,500 ppm IBA dose from R. caucasicum species. The longest roots, 349.21 cm, were formed in the R. ungernii species in the spring, during the air layering, in which 500 ppm IBA dose was applied.
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