The ageing population increases the demand for customized home care. As a result, sensing technologies are finding their way into the home environment. However, challenges associated with how users interact with sensors and data are not well-researched, particularly from a design perspective. This review explores the literature on important research projects around sensors, design and smart healthcare in smart homes, and highlights challenges for design research. A PRISMA protocol-based screening procedure is adopted to identify relevant articles (n = 180) on the subject of sensors, design and smart healthcare. The exploration and analysis of papers are performed using hierarchical charts, force-directed layouts and ‘bedraggled daisy’ Venn diagrams. The results show that much work has been carried out in developing sensors for smart home care. Less attention is focused on addressing challenges posed by sensors in homes, such as data accessibility, privacy, comfort, security and accuracy, and how design research might solve these challenges. This review raises key design research questions, particularly in working with sensors in smart home environments.
As Additive Manufacturing (AM) continues to grow, what constitutes its definition is also fragmenting and becoming blurred. The blurring of definitions may lead to slow understanding of AM technology, particularly in developing nations. To address this problem, the study proposes an expanded definition of AM based on the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard AM definition. To examine the possible applicability of the expanded AM definition framework, the study considers conventional manufacturing processes and selected AM ‘outliers’ that are not traditionally classified as AM under the ASTM definition, yet exhibit specific similar attributes, to appraise the framework. The relationship between AM outliers are visualized to highlight possible future forms of additive manufacturing. In conclusion, the study argues that these visualization models may expand the definition of AM for new areas of applications, specifically in developing countries.
What role can the commons play in improving citizen trust in healthcare services? We explore this question in the context of the chronic blood supply shortage in Botswana, where the Indigenous kgotla village governance system operates alongside the republican state. To address barriers to trust in the blood services ecosystem, we review the public-commons partnership model as a commons ecosystem model that could support participatory design of blood services between the kgotla and state. We apply this model to the ecosystem mapping tool used in the Jigsaw framework, a method previously used in Botswana to support ecosystem visualization, to prompt state consideration of this alternative public-commons partnership as a solution to the blood supply shortage. We also explore the re-visualized ecosystem as a pluriversal commons, where the kgotla and state cosmologies must interact to solve the collective action challenge of blood supply.
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