The organic synthetic dyes employed in industries are carcinogenic and harmful. Dyes must be removed from wastewater to limit or eliminate their presence before dumping into the natural environment. The current study aims to investigate the use of MgO nanoparticles to eliminate basic fuchsine (BF), as a model cationic dye pollutant, from wastewater. The MgO nanorods were synthesized through a coprecipitation method. The obtained nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and FTIR spectroscopy. It was found that the variation of dye concentration and pH influenced the removal of BF by MgO. The adsorption capacity of 493.90 mg/g is achieved under optimum operating conditions (pH = 11, contact time = 236 min, and initial BF concentration = 200 ppm). Pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics and Freundlich isotherm models best fitted BF sorption onto MgO nanorods. The BF sorption mechanism is associated with the electrostatic attractions and hydrogen bond between the O–H group of MgO and the NH2 groups of BF, as indicated by the pH, isotherms, and FTIR studies. The reusability study indicates that MgO was effectively used to eliminate BF in at least four continuous cycles. The investigation of MgO with different dyes suggests the high adsorption selectivity of BF, crystal violet (CV), and malachite green (MG) dyes compared with methyl orange (MO) dye. Overall, MgO nanorods can act as a potential and promising adsorbent for the efficient and rapid removal of cationic dyes (CV, MG, and BF) from wastewater.
Cadmium sulfide (CdS)
quantum dots (QDs) were homogeneously embedded
into chitosan (CTS), denoted as CdS@CTS, via an in situ hydrothermal
method. The intact structure of the synthesized materials was preserved
using freeze-drying. The materials were characterized using X-ray
diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission
electron microscopy, high-resolution TEM, scanning TEM, dispersive
energy X-ray (EDX) for elemental analysis and mapping, Fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms,
thermogravimetric analysis, UV–vis spectroscopy, and diffuse
reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The synthesis procedure offered CdS
QDs of 1–7 nm (average particle size of 3.2 nm). The functional
groups of CTS modulate the in situ growth of CdS QDs and prevent the
agglomeration of CdS QDs, offering homogenous distribution inside
CTS. CdS@CTS QDs can also be used for naked-eye detection of heavy
metals with high selectivity toward copper (Cu
2+
) ions.
The mechanism of interactions between Cu
2+
ions and CdS@CTS
QDs were further studied.
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