Objectives: The study determined the prevalence of malaria infection and its association with socio-demographics, environmental, housing, and co-morbid ailment factors. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional of 330 consented adult febrile patients who were recruited at a tertiary health facility in rural Southwestern Nigeria. The standardized interviewer-administered questionnaire sought information on their socio-demographics, environmental, housing, and co-morbid ailment factors. Venous blood samples were collected and processed for malaria parasite detection, retroviral screening, glycated hemoglobin, and hemoglobinopathy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The strength of the association between independent and dependent variables was measured using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval with a significant level ( p value <0.05). Results: The prevalence of malaria parasitemia was 63.3% (95% confidence interval: 57.9%–68.5%). Being a farmer ( p = 0.002), lack of formal education ( p = 0.043), low-income earners ( p = 0.031), presence of bushes ( p = 0.048), stagnant water ( p = 0.042), not sleeping under long-lasting insecticide-treated nets ( p < 0.001), and sickle cell disease ( p = 0.041) were significantly associated with malaria infection. Conclusion: The study revealed that there is a high prevalence of malaria infection in rural Southwestern Nigeria. There may be a need to pay greater attention to adult populations in rural areas for malaria intervention and control programs.
Background Asymptomatic malaria infections have received less attention than symptomatic malaria infections in major studies. Few epidemiological studies on asymptomatic malaria infections have often focused on pregnant women and children under-five years of age as the most vulnerable groups. However, there is limitation on data regarding asymptomatic infections among the old adult populations, particularly in the study area. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria infection by microscopy and its determinants among residents of Ido- Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between July and September 2021 among 232 consenting apparently healthy individuals aged 40 years and above who were recruited during a free health screening program using a standardised interviewer-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire sought information on respondents’ socio-demographics, presence and types of co-morbidity, and the prevention methods being adopted against malaria infection. Venous blood samples were collected and processed for asymptomatic infections using Giemsa-stained blood smear microscopy. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with asymptomatic infections. Results Of the total 232 respondents, 19.0% (48/232) were confirmed to be infected with Plasmodium falciparum (95% confidence interval (CI): 14.1% - 24.6%). Lack of formal education (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 5.298, 95% (CI): 2.184-13.997), being diabetic (AOR: 4.681, 95% CI: 1.669-16.105), and not sleeping under Long Lasting Insecticide Net (LLINs) (AOR: 4.594, 95% CI: 1.194-14.091), were the determinants of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection. Conclusion The prevalence of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum was 19%. Lack of formal education, being diabetic, and not sleeping under LLINs were the determinants of asymptomatic infections.
Objectives There is an observed paucity of data regarding the predictors of asthma mortality in Nigeria. This study aimed to ascertain the clinical presentations and predictors of acute severe asthma mortality in rural Southwestern Nigeria. Methods A retrospective observational study using a data form and a standardized questionnaire was used to review the 124 patients admitted at Emergency Department between January 2015 and December 2019. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22.0. The results were presented in descriptive and tabular formats. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of asthma mortality and a p-value <.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 124 patients were studied. The acute severe asthma mortality was 4.8% and its predictors were older age (Crude odds Ratio (COR), 14.857; 95% CI: 2.489–88.696, p < .001), Tobacco smoking (COR, 6.741; 95% CI: 1.170–38.826, p = .016), more than three co-morbidities (COR, 2.750; 95% CI: 1.147–26.454, p = 0.012), diabetes mellitus (COR, 13.750; 95% CI: 2.380–79.433, p < .001), Human Immunodeficiency virus (COR, 117.000; 95% CI: 9.257–1479.756, p < .001), ≥2 days before presentation (COR, 7.440; 95% CI: 1.288–42.980, p = .039), and Short-acting-B2-agonists overuse (COR, 7.041; 95% CI: 1.005–62.165, p = .044). Conclusion The mortality rate was 4.8% and its predictors were older age patients, tobacco smoking, multiple co-morbidities, diabetes mellitus, HIV, SP02 <90%, delay presentation, and Short-acting-B2-agonists over use, The study showed that there is high prevalence of asthma mortality in rural Southwestern Nigeria. The findings may be used to plan for asthma preventions and control programs in rural settings, and may also provide an impetus for prospective research on these outcomes.
Introduction: Knowledge of normative Blood Pressures (BP) is critical for appropriate neonatal care. Hypertension and hypotension are abnormalities of BP which could be a sign, outcome or complications of diseases or intervention carried out on neonates. Yet, there is a dearth of data on BP concerning Nigerian full-term neonates. Aim: To determine BP values of apparently healthy term Nigerian neonates in relation to their weight in the first eight days of life and also to determine the BP values of apparently healthy term neonates in the first eight days and also to correlate the BP with postnatal age, weight and to generate percentile of age/sex specific BP. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done from September 2012-April 2013, including 386 consecutive apparently healthy term newborns delivered at the UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital (UTH), Osogbo, Southwest Nigeria. Their weights and right arm Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) BPs measured using oscillometric method on days 1, 3, 5 and 8. Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to statistically analyse the data. Results: Out of 386 newborns studied, the mean birth weight were 3.10±0.38 Kg; {3.24±0.37 kg for boys and 2.97±0.33 kg for girls}. The mean values of SBP on day 1 were 67.3±5.6 mmHg; 71.0±6.0 mmHg on day 3; 73.8±5.2 mmHg on day 5 and 77.2±2.9 mmHg on day 8, respectively. A similar trend was also noticed in the mean values of DBP with 36.9±5.0 mmHg on day 1; 41.5±5.2 mmHg on day 3; 43.7±5.3 mmHg on day 5 and 46.4±4.7 mmHg on day 8, respectively, the rise being significant (p-value <0.001). There were a positive correlations between the weight and DBP on the 5th day (r=0.128; p-value =0.012), between weight and SBP at 49-72 hours and on day 8 (r=0.105; r=0.168, respectively) as well as weight and MAP on day 8 (r=0.166). Conclusion: Neonatal BP in the first eight days following birth correlated positively to weight and age without significant gender differences.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.