In today's competitive world, innovation is considered as a key factor to success and survival for organizations. So far, the literature has recognized various items that affect innovation in organizations. This paper seeks to investigate the effect of psychological capital on innovation in Information Technology (IT) among branches of Agriculture bank in Tehran, Iran. In terms of objective, this study is considered as an empirical one, and the research methodology is descriptive-correlative type. The population includes 132 managers and employees working in Agriculture bank branches in Tehran. Among those people, 100 individuals were selected to be studied based on using Cochran formula and through random sampling method. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used for data analysis. The Results of study showed a significant effect of psychological capital on innovation in IT. In addition, more specific analysis on each of the psychological capital dimensions (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, resilience) revealed that except resilience, none of them enhanced innovation in IT. Finally, this study proposes insights for managers how to enhance their employees' capabilities and psychological capital through constant measurement as well as using improvement plans in order to provide higher innovation in IT. The current research also provides more suggestion for future studies that could consider consequences of innovation in IT.

This paper is one of the outcomes of the study from interview of 30 entrepreneurs in Malaysia, investigating the business competencies needed for successful in their business.  In the paper, the training needs of entrepreneurs are identified and analysed with respect to a number of issues affecting business such as creativity and innovation, sources of business finance, accounting skills, financial management, areas in which the entrepreneurs find it difficult to acquire knowledge.  The study confirm the view of entrepreneurship education makes a significant different in the performance of entrepreneurs, with entrepreneurs expressing a need for further training and education in specific business issues.

PurposeStrategic entrepreneurship rejuvenates firms to achieve a competitive advantage in current markets. It is effective in forming corporate entrepreneurship and involves the simultaneous opportunity-seeking and advantage-seeking behaviors of firms. The aim of this paper is to investigate the mediating effect of strategic entrepreneurship in the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance through the resource-based view.Design/methodology/approachAdopting a quantitative research method and structural equation modeling technique, structural models were developed to test the research hypotheses. To this end, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 103 financial technology companies in Iran.FindingsThe results support the proposed hypotheses. The findings indicate that corporate entrepreneurship and strategic entrepreneurship are positively related to firm performance. They also reveal the mediating effect of strategic entrepreneurship in the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance. In the developing context of Iran, financial technology companies are more likely to employ corporate entrepreneurship and strategic entrepreneurship to achieve firm performance.Originality/valueThe current study contributes to the literature on strategic entrepreneurship by employing a resource-based view and exploring the relationship between firm capabilities (i.e. strategic entrepreneurship) and firm performance. Applying a resource-based view leads to a better understanding of strategic entrepreneurship. Finally, this study singles out and discusses the various features that characterize the implementation of strategic entrepreneurship by Iranian financial technology companies to reach a competitive advantage.

Digital Entrepreneurship has revolutionized worldwide businesses. Worked by the fast development of computer knowledge, Electronic Businesses (here in after acronym as EBSs) are experiencing the increasing growth in the global economy. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of entrepreneurs' international experience, innovation capability, and market capability on the internationalization speed of EBSs. The current study is considered as an empirical research and the research methodology is descriptive-correlative type. The data collected fromSmall and Medium-Sized Enterprises (here after acronym as SMEs) whose activities are partially internet-based and have involved in the international business processes. A total of 135SMEsin the textile cluster were classified as the internet-based businesses. To test the research hypotheses, the study used Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) and the collected data were subjected to correlational analysis and path analysis. The results revealed that the speed of foreign market entry by EBSs is positively affected by entrepreneurs' international experience, business innovation capability, and marketing capability. Finally, this study proposes insights for future studies that could consider the implications of speedy entry into foreign markets by EBSs.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the entrepreneurial university and to develop a theoretical framework relating entrepreneurship education in the third generation of universities. Therefore, the future research could be carried out to identify and apply the presented model. Design/methodology/approach – In terms of objective, this study is considered as an empirical one, and the research methodology is descriptive-correlative type. Sample population consists of 130 knowledge-based firms in the science and technology parks. In total, 100 knowledge-based firms were selected by using a stratified random sampling. The analysis of data obtained from the questionnaires and both descriptive and inferential parts was done through the application of SPSS, structural equation modeling technique and Smart PLS 3 software. Findings – The results suggested the positive and significant effect of the organizational, individual, institutional, and environmental factors on entrepreneurial university in the science and technology parks. Practical implications – The application of the research model provides an avenue for the practitioners to design accelerates and creative science and technology parks focussing on the commercialization education, entrepreneurial intuition and marketing to students and innovators. Social implications – The theoretical framework of the current study offers a different way forward for policy makers in thinking about those factors that may be critical for success of entrepreneurship education. Policy makers, in general can provide infrastructures to launch third generation of universities, entrepreneurial university, for young generation to increase effectiveness of academic education and to provide the prospect of a more business opportunity recognition. Originality/value – This research contributes to the existing literature in the field of entrepreneurship education. So far, a comprehensive model has been substantially neglected with respect to the entrepreneurial university in the science and technology parks. This new framework can be used to inform thinking and research design in the area of entrepreneurship education to promote entrepreneurial university thought.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to clarify the attention to the elements of human resource strategic management that can promote motivation of employees of knowledge-based institutions for developing corporate entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach – This study is considered as an empirical one in terms of objective, and its research methodology is descriptive-correlative type. More specifically, structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. Findings – The findings demonstrate that promotion of skill and knowledge levels of people, as an operational strategy in the development of human resource in knowledge-based institutions, increases the demand for job promotion and enhances employees’ motivation in corporate entrepreneurship. On the other hand, organizational culture moderate the relationship between human resource management and corporate entrepreneurship. Originality/value – This paper fulfills an identified need to study the relationship between human resource management and corporate entrepreneurship. The manuscript creates a paradigm for future studies of the evolution of corporate entrepreneurship and human resource management.

Purpose Consistent with the dynamic capabilities view tenets, this paper aims to conceptualize a theoretical framework of service innovation in the hotel industry. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a qualitative method with a content analysis approach. The data were collected using a snowball sampling method and semi-structured interviews with 14 experts in Tehran's hotel industry. Findings The findings demonstrate that the most significant factors are using the new technology, keeping up with it, training human labor, being up-to-date and adopting new infrastructures. Results also reveal that improper management and lack of knowledge are the most critical factors behind service innovation failure in the hotel industry. Regarding the infrastructures needed to develop service innovation in the hotel industry, the results show that adopting the newest technology in diverse aspects, human infrastructure, the capital and appropriate space and place are the key factors. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature by linking the service innovation perspective to the dynamic capabilities view. It explains how hotels can enhance service innovation to gain a competitive advantage. Therefore, both academicians and hoteliers can develop action plans by selecting and managing the service innovation process.

Purpose Today, urban entrepreneurship is considered one of the vital strategies that directed cities toward self-control by reducing the unemployment rate and its arising problems, creating sustainable revenue and preparing the ground for citizens’ independence. This paper aims to present an integrated foresight framework and establish the boundary conditions for urban entrepreneurship of women breadwinners. The study explains how particular women solve workplace-specific poverty and foster urban wealth by developing startups, new businesses or ventures. Design/methodology/approach The current research uses a qualitative method and uses the grounded theory approach. Data were collected by selecting 24 outstanding women entrepreneurs using snowball sampling and semi-structured interviews in Tehran Metropolitan. Findings The results of the study reveal that the main aspects of the model of urban entrepreneurship consist of causal factors, intervening factors and contextual conditions. By shaping the policies and organizing educational plans, training courses and empowering of women, as well as the establishment of supportive units for the development, identification of the opportunities, developing protective rules, the factors as mentioned above lead to cultural, social and economic development, tendency toward entrepreneurship and development of entrepreneurship among women. Originality/value This study undertakes a first of its kind cross-disciplinary conceptual analysis at the level of how women breadwinners foster urban wealth using developing new businesses, startups or ventures. Despite the importance of urban entrepreneurship, theories for understanding the nexus of urban contexts remain underdeveloped. Therefore, there is still a theoretical gap and lack of research; hence, the current study tries to shed light on the topic and fill this gap in the body of knowledge.