Conduction enhancement characteristics and the conduction mechanism in nitroxide are reported in this paper. Thermally grown oxides with various thicknesses were nitrided in pure ammonia for different nitridation times. Conduction in thick oxide after short-time nitridation is dominated by Fowler–Nordheim tunneling with lowered barrier height. A trap-assisted tunneling model was used to explain the effect of the degree of nitridation on current enhancement in heavily nitrided films. A theoretical calculation was carried out to fit the theory to the experimental results, and the trap density and trap energy level were found to be in the ranges of 1.2×1019–7.2×1020 cm−3 and 2.46–2.56 eV, respectively. These results are explained satisfactorily by the Auger spectroscopic data.
In this study, polydimethylsiloxane and graphene were used to fabricate surface electrodes for electrocardiographic (ECG) sensing. A simple and inexpensive method was developed to fabricate graphene-based polymer films. In this method, graphene was inlaid in polydimethylsiloxane by polymer infiltration. The polymer films were successfully used in ECG measurements and performed as well as conventional silver/silver chloride wet electrodes. Few motion artifacts were observed with the graphene films when body postures were changed and during walking. The presented approach is low-cost and suitable for mass production, holding great promise in fabricating polymer electrodes for medical monitoring.
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