The bacteriological and clinical findings of 18 cases of brain abscess are presented. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic strains was performed both by conventional methods and the newer RapID ANA II panel and E-test methods, respectively. Characterization of the anaerobic isolates was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Anaerobic or aerobic organisms alone were recovered in three (16.6%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic in another three (16.6%) patients. There were nine anaerobic isolates. The predominant anaerobes were Prevotella melaninogenicus (four isolates), Bacteroides preacutus (three isolates), Fusobacterium nucleatum and Peptostreptococcus sp. (one isolate each). A total of six aerobic isolates, all of which were Gram-positive cocci were recovered. All the anaerobic isolates were susceptible to metronidazole, but two isolates of P. melaninogenicus were resistant to penicillin. There was complete agreement between the identification based on biochemical profiles and RFLP patterns. These findings indicate the microbial complexity of brain abscess and the need to target antimicrobial therapy against both the aerobic and anaerobic components of infection.
AbstrakSalmonella dianggap sebagai ltenltsSa$ utctma infeksi yang ditul.arkan nrcl.alui makanan dcut ltenyebab septikenù puda nutnusia, yang terus meningknt secara nyata selama tlekade ini tli negara-rtegara berkernbang ntaupun setlang berketnbang. PeneLitian
AbstrakDemam tifo.id merupakan masalah penting bagi kesehatan masyarakat cli negara-negara berkembang. SuatL. kontrol yang efektif memerlukan deteksi knsus, pengobatan definitif dan eliminasi surnber infeksi sertn perbaikan sistem kesehatan masyarakat. Inporan karus yang mentadai sering tak dapat tlilakukan karena adanya pengobatan empiris tlengan antibiotika nrcnurunknn sensitifitas dari hasil isolasi serta kurangnya spesifitas tlari pemeriksaan serologis di daerah erclemis. Kemampuan dari berbagai penteriksaan, tennasuk biakan darah, tes Widal dan reaksi berantai polimerasa (PCR) untuk deteksi Salmonella typhi dalant usaln tlktgnosis demant tifoid tel.ah tlievaluasi pada 60 penderita tersangkn dennrn enterik. EnampuLuh persen pentlerita telah mendapat pengobatan antibiotika secara empirik sebelurn dilakukan pemeriksaan. Tujuhbelas penderila didiagnosis sebagai demam tifuid dan lùna lainnya sebagai demam paralifoid. Tigapuluh satu kttstts tak dapat didiagnosis dengan cara penteriksaan mikrobiologi, sedangkan tujuh penderin Ininnl,a msnderita berbagai penyakit menular yang lain. Diagnosis demam tifoirt ditegakkctn secara biakan tlarahs, tes Witlaltt dan pemeriksaan PCRI . Lima dari tujuh pendeita dengan hasil PCR positif, n.egatif secara biaknn; sedangl
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