Cost-benefit analysis can be used to quantify the value of clinical pharmacy services. Providing Effective Therapy and Minimum cost, Quantify costs of care, Quantify outcomes, Assess whether and by how much average costs and outcomes differ among treatment groups, Compare magnitude of difference in costs and outcomes and evaluate "value for costs" by reporting a cost-effectiveness ratio, net monetary benefit, or probability that ratio is acceptable -Potential hypothesis: Cost per quality-adjusted life year saved significantly less than Rs.75,000, To Perform sensitivity analysis. For providing good effective therapy with less adverse drug reaction at affordable price,
In the present work, bioadhesive microspheres of Aceclofenac using Sodium alginate along with Carbopol 934, Carbopol 971, HPMC K4M as copolymers were formulated to deliver Aceclofenac via oral route. The results of this investigation indicate that ionic cross-linking technique Ionotropic gelation method can be successfully employed to fabricate Aceclofenac microspheres. The technique provides characteristic advantage over conventional microsphere method, which involves an “all-aqueous” system, avoids residual solvents in microspheres. FT-IR spectra of the physical mixture revealed that the drug is compatible with the polymers and copolymers used. Micromeritic studies revealed that the mean particle size of the prepared microspheres was in the size range of 512-903µm and are suitable for bioadhesive microspheres for oral administration. The in-vitro mucoadhesive study demonstrated that microspheres of Aceclofenac using sodium alginate along with Carbopol934 as copolymer adhered to the mucus to a greater extent than the microspheres of Aceclofenac using sodium alginate along with Carbopol 971 and HPMC K4M as copolymers. The invitro drug release decreased with increase in the polymer and copolymer concentration. Analysis of drug release mechanism showed that the drug release from the formulations followed non-Fickian diffusion and the best fit model was found to be Korsmeyer-Peppas. Based on the results of evaluation tests formulation coded T4 was concluded as best formulation.
In our study antibiotics are prescribed to paediatric patients based on empirical therapy without performing any sensitivity tests. Collaborative (Physician, Pharmacist, Microbiologist) research can be helpful, in addition to get a clear understanding of need for microbiological tests, pharmacist intervention and physician good judgment in clinical situation. Exact identification of disease and its management gives an important aspect of patient care which is important in paediatric patients. Prescriber should minimize the empirical therapy as much as possible. To limit or reduce the antibiotic prescribing all necessary references, Standard Treatment Guidelines (STG) and antibiotic prescribing policies should be provided by the hospitals. Physician should refer to STG for minimal prescribing of antibiotics. Specific effective interventions should be developed to reduce the inappropriate antimicrobial prescription. All diabetes mellitus patient treated in the Inpatient department of General medicine and Nephrology department during March-August 2014 were monitored, collect relevant data and entered into the data sheet. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the protocol approved by the IEC, patients belonging to the age group 40-70 of both sex were selected and enrolled for the study.
The current study is to develop the acute and sub-acute toxicity profile of some ayurvedic Bhasma and un-derstand the side effects due to the presence of heavy metals. Chandraprabha vati pill were weighed, powdery and suspended in water had made into liquid formulation. The animals were classified and treated with the doses of Chandraprabha vati (50and five hundred mg/kg) in rat. The dose was calculat-ed by extrapolating the equivalent human dose (1 and ten times) and was administered orally between ten and eleven after median daily for twenty eight days, during alylin a very volume not exceeding one ml/100 g rat weight. Blood was collected on seven, fourteen and twenty eight days, later they were sacri-ficed for histopathological studies.
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