The external hydrostatic buckling behavior of fiber metal laminate (FML) composite cylinders was investigated numerically. The critical buckling pressure predicted by eigenvalue analysis was compared with experimental results. The numerical results showed different modes of buckling and buckling deformation for cylinders of different fiber orientation when subjected to external hydrostatic loading. FML cylinder with 0 /90 fiber orientation exhibited higher buckling strength and lower buckling deformation as compared to FML cylinders of 60 /30 , AE45 , and AE55 fiber orientations. The orientation of fiber has significant influence on the performance of FML composite cylinder as compared to fiberreinforced plastic thickness. The correlation between numerical and experimental results is discussed in terms of buckling strength, circumferential stiffness, and buckling deformations. It was observed that the cylinders were less sensitive to initial imperfections irrespective of fiber-reinforced plastic thickness. In addition, the results of finite element analysis and experimental results indicate good matches.
This research work investigated the in?uence of graphite powder on the wear behavior of Al 7075/Graphite Powder (Gr)/Bagasse ash (BA) hybrid composite. The investigation reveals the effectiveness of incorporation of graphite powder in the composite for gaining wear reduction. The Al 7075 (Aluminium alloy 7075) reinforced with graphite powder and Bagasse ash were investigated. The conventional liquid casting technique was used for the fabrication of composite material and subjected to T6 heat treatment. The reinforcement content was chosen as 1, 3, and 5wt. % of graphite powder to identify its potential for self-lubricating property under dry sliding conditions. Hybrid composite is processed at 1wt% of Gr with 2, 4 and 6wt% of BA. The effect of load on dry sliding wear rate and coefficient of friction performance of Al 7075 casting alloy and its composites was evaluated by using a pin-on-disc with two different loads with constant speed at room temperature. Wear tests were conducted by using pin on disc apparatus to evaluate the tribological behaviour of the composite and to determine the optimum content of graphite powder for its minimum wear rate. The wear rate decreases with addition of graphite powder content and reaches its minimum at 5wt. % graphite. The coefficient of friction decreases with addition of graphite content and was found to be minimum at wt. 5% graphite. The wear properties of the hybrid composites containing graphite exhibited the superior wear-resistance properties.
The aim of the research work was to numerically investigate the residual stresses induced between the layers of fiber metal laminate (FML) cylinder (glass/epoxy reinforced aluminum laminates) under buckling hydrostatic loading. For the analysis of buckling behavior of FML cylinders, various fiber orientations such as 0/90˚, 60/30˚, ±45˚ and ±55˚ and different FRP thickness of 1, 2, and 3 mm were considered. The aluminum cylinder of inner diameter 80 mm, length 800 mm and wall thickness 1 mm was modeled with SHELL281 element type and a total of 1033 elements were used for computing the induced residual stresses between the layers. The results show that magnitude of residual stresses between the layers decreased along the thickness from outer layer towards the inner layer in sine wave form. The maximum residual Von-Mises stress was at inner aluminum layer while the maximum residual radial stress was at the outermost layer of FML cylinder due to the inward pressure. Among all types of FML cylinder 0/90˚ fiber oriented FML cylinder exhibited the least radial stress and a maximum Von-Mises stress along the FRP thickness.
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