Ten groups of 36 Tetra SL hens were caged individually. They were fed 10 diets containing 17% crude protein and 11.6 MJ ME/kg, in which the cereals were: wheat or maize only, or the following cereal mixes (1:1): wheat and maize; barley and naked oats, or barley; regular or naked oats in combination with wheat or maize. The chemical composition of cereals, the fatty acid profiles in grain cereals, blended fat, and of the yolks of 12 eggs from each group were determined. The content of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids and their ratio in egg-yolk lipids varied widely according to the type of cereal and level of animal fat in the diet. Diets containing barley with naked oats or wheat, and maize with regular oats, supplemented with adequate amounts of blended animal fat are considered favourable in terms of increasing the level of n-3 fatty acids and decreasing the PUFA n-6/n-3 ratio in egg yolks.
Two batches of a commercial double-low rapeseed meal (RSM) were separated into two fractions on sieves with a mesh diameter of 0.5 mm. In the higher-protein fractions (HP-RSM), which constituted about 35% of regular RSM (R-RSM), the crude protein level increased by 16% in the first batch and by 11% in the second, while crude fibre decreased by 19 and 14%, respectively. The glucosinolate (GLS) content rose from 15.5 to 16.7 uM/g defatted DM in the first batch and from 10 to 11.9 uM/g in the second. In both batches HP-fractions contained less methionine and cystine, while more histidine and phenylalanine than R-RSM.Two experiments were carried out, each on 1190 commercial broilers allocated to 14 pens on litter. In both experiments the birds were fed starter diets without RSM for the first three weeks. In the grower and finisher diets soyabean meal (SBM) was substituted, partially or totally, by R-RSM or HP-RSM.In Experiment 1 control broilers were significantly (P<0.01) heavier than those from the experimental groups, and birds receiving R-RSM were heavier (P<0.05) on day 48 of life than those given HP-RSM. In Experiment 2 there were no significant differences between the weight of birds receiving SBM or RSM in the diets, however, those given HP-RSM were slightly lighter. In Experiment 2 chickens fed RSM had larger livers (PO.05) and thyroids (PO.01) than the control birds.In both experiments feed conversion efficiency in RSM-fed groups was poorer than in control one, even when the available lysine level was not lower than in the control diet.
The experiment was carried out on Hisex Brown hens aged 26-48 weeks divided into 12 groups of 18 birds kept in single cages. Layers were fed wheat-maize-soyabean meal diets containing 0.50,0.55 and 0.60% total phosphorus (TP), 0.25, 0.30 and 0.35 % available phosphorus (AP) supplemented with 0,150, 300 or 450 units of microbial phytase (FTU) per kg. Hens were fed diet containing 0.50% TP supplemented with 300 FTU showed the highest laying rate (93%) and good egg shell quality.However, the thickest egg shells and the highest breaking strenght were found when diets containing 0.30-0.35 % AP were supplemented with 150 FTU. Hens fed diet with 0.25% AP + 300 FTU excreted 100 mg/day/hen less P than those fed diet with 0.35 % AP (0.60% TP), not supplemented with phytase. As the optimal levels in the diet are considered 0.25 % AP + 300 FTU or 0.30 % AP + 150 FTU.
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