Asenapine maleate (ASM) is a new second-generation antipsychotic approved in August 2009 by U.S FDA for the acute treatment of schizophrenia and manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar disorder in adults. It shows poor oral bioavailability of < 2% due to extensive first pass metabolism in liver. The present study was aimed at developing and characterizing solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of ASM.SLNs were prepared by solvent injection method by employing Compritol ATO 888 as the lipid matrix and Poloxamer 188 as stabilizer. A 3 2 full factorial design was employed to study the influence of independent variables (amount of lipid and % surfactant) on dependent variables (particle size, and % entrapment efficiency). Optimized ASM-loaded SLNs were further studied for zeta potential, in vitro drug release and TEM. Nanoparticles were lyophilized to improve the physical stability and obtain free flowing powder. Mannitol was employed as a cryoprotectant. Lyophilized ASM-loaded SLNs were characterized using DSC and XRD. The optimized ASM-loaded SLNs exhibited mean particle size 318.5 ± 3.2 nm; polydispersity index of 0.255; zeta potential -29.75 ± (-0.92) mV; entrapment efficiency 53.13 ± 1.77 %; drug release extended up to 36 hours. TEM image exhibited spherical smooth surfaced nanoparticles. Accelerated stability studies of optimized ASM-loaded SLNs and Lyophilized ASM-loaded SLNs revealed its stability. The formulation developed shows reduction in dose and dosing frequency and thus reduces dose related side effects and improved patient compliance.
Azithromycin and levofloxacin used for the treatment of bacterial infections. Simple, specific, accurate and precise UV spectroscopy method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of azithromycin and levofloxacin in bulk drugs and marketed formulation. The developed method involves solving of simultaneous equations using methanol as solvent where an absorbance maximum for azithromycin and levofloxacin was found to be at 291.92nm and 294.08nm, respectively. The drugs obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range of 50- 250 μg/ mL & 2 – 10 μg/ mL. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines .The method showed good correlation coefficients (r2) 0.999, indicated good linearity of calibration curve for both the drugs. The recovery of azithromycin and levofloxacin was 98.82% and 97 .74% respectively. The robustness and ruggedness of azithromycin (0.368, 0.285), and levofloxacin (0.556, 0.442). The developed method was found to be accurate, reliable, robust showing LOD 0.012μg/mL and 0.016μg/mL LOQ 0.053μg/mL and 0.058μg/mL for azithromycin and levofloxacin.
Background: The causative factors of lower limb varicose veins are vast and are still under research. The current paper aims to study the role of ankle mobility and Tendoachilis in causing lower limb varicose veins for effective means of prevention This study aims at studying the relationship of Ankle mobility and Tendoa Aims and Objectives: chilis in the causation and progression of varicose veins. This is a prospective study done in the surgical O Materials and Methods: PD and wards of Government General Hospital, Anantapur with study sample of 100 patients. Data was collected using a questionnaire and clinical assessment and was analyzed using a multivariate analysis. According to multivariate analysis, among all the Results: participants, the odds of developing varicose veins were more for population with deranged ankle mobility, plantar exion and dorsiexion. This study hi Conclusions: ghlighted deranged ankle mobility, dorsiexion and plantar exion as an important factor for causation and progression of lower limb varicose veins. These ndings lead to an evidence-based treatment and prevention strategy
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