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Multipath is the major concern in GPS receivers that fade the actual GPS signal causes positioning error up to 10 m so special care need to be taken to mitigate the multipath effects. Numerous methods like hardware based antenna arrays technique, receiver based narrow correlator receiver, double -delta discriminator, Adaptive Multipath Estimator, Wavelet Transformation and Particle filter, Kalman filter based post receiver methods etc. used to resolve the problem. But some of the methods can only reduce code multipath error but not effective in eliminating carrier multipath error. Most of these techniques are based on the assumption that the Line-of-Sight (LOS) signal is stronger than the Non-Line of-Sight (NLOS) signals. However, in the scenarios where the LOS signal is weaker than the composite multipath signal, this approach may result in a bias in code tracking. In this chapter, different types of multipath mitigation and its limitation are described. The recent development in sparse signal processing based blind channel estimation is investigated to compensate the multipath error. The Rayleigh and Rician fading model with different multipath parameters are simulated to test the urban scenario. The inverse problem of finding the GPS signal is addressed based on the deconvolution approach. To solve linear inverse problems, the suitable kind of appropriate objective function has been formulated to find the signal of interest. By exploiting this methods, the signal is observed and the carrier and code tracking loop parameters are computed with minimal error.

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Diabetes is a chronic disease that causes numerous amount of death each year. Untreated diabetes disturbs the proper functionality of other organs in human body. Hence early detection is a significant process to have a healthy life style. Usually the performance of the classification is affected due to the existence of high dimensionality in medical data.In this study a system model is proposed on Pima dataset to enhance the classification accuracy by eliminating the irrelevant features. Therefore it is important to choose a suitable feature selection approach that provides the better accuracy in disease prediction compared to prior study.Hencenovel techniquesImprovedFirefly(IFF)andhybrid Random forest algorithmis proposed for feature selection and classification. The present study provides a better result with 96.3% accuracy.The efficiency of the present studyis compared with the prior classification approaches.

The most renowned strategy utilized for perusing mind movement is electroencephalography (EEG). Electroencephalography is the neurophysiologic estimation of the electrical action of the cerebrum by recording from anodes put on the scalp, or in the exceptional cases on the cortex. The ensuing follows are known as an electroencephalogram (EEG) and speak to alleged brainwaves. This system is picking up prevalence as it is a non-intrusive interface and is giving a methodology to controlling machines through contemplations. The proposed linking and familiarity rating method classifies the music, video assessment responses of EEG-Signal. The metrics namely true positive, true negative, false positive, false negative, sensitivity, specificity and classification accuracy are chosen for evaluating the performance of the proposed classifier. The simulation result shows that the proposed classifier achieves 95.4 % accuracy which is better than other methods.

Detecting paraphrases in Indian languages require critical anlysis on the lexical, syntactic and semantic features. Since the structure of Indian languages differ from the other languages like English, the usage of lexico-syntactic features vary between the Indian languages and plays a critical role in determining the performance of the system. Instead of using various lexico-syntactic similarity features, we aim to apply a complete end-to-end system using deep learning networks with no lexicosyntactic features. In this paper we exploited the encoder-decoder model of deep neural network to analyze the paraphrase sentences in Tamil language and to classify. In this encoder-decoder model, LSTM, GRU units and gNMT are used as layers along with attention mechanism. Using this end-to-end model, there is an increase in f1-measure by 0.5% for the subtask-1 when compared to the state-of-the-art systems. The system was trained and evaluated on DPIL@FIRE2016 Shared Task dataset. To our knowledge, ours is the first deep learning model which validates the training instances of both the subtask-1 and subtask-2 dataset of DPIL shared task.

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