Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a temperate forage species that is extensively used in Argentina, but little effort in breeding has been made so far. Meanwhile, red clover breeding is strong in Europe and North America. In order to contribute to the utilisation of red clover genetic resources, 39 accessions of different origins were evaluated at Pergamino Inta Experimental Station. A broad phenotypic variation was detected for many of the 14 attributes considered. Variables that discriminate populations are related to seed production and winter yield. Two different groups clustered according to morphologic and productive mean attributes, and these groups were related to geographic origin of accessions.
Festuca arundinacea Schreb., commonly known as tall fescue, is a major forage crop in temperate regions. Recently, a molecular analysis of different accessions of a world germplasm collection of tall fescue has demonstrated that it contains different species from the genus Festuca and allowed their rapid classification into the three major morphotypes (Continental, Mediterranean and Rhizomatous). In this study, we explored the genetic diversity of 161 accessions of Festuca species from 29 countries, including 28 accessions of INTA (Argentina), by analyzing 15 polymorphic SSR markers by capillary electrophoresis. These molecular markers allowed us to detect a total of 214 alleles. The number of alleles per locus varied between 5 and 24, and the values of polymorphic information content ranged from 0.627 to 0.840. In addition, the accessions analyzed by flow cytometry showed different ploidy levels (diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid and octaploid), placing in evidence that the world germplasm collection consisted of multiple species, as previously suggested. Interestingly, almost all accessions of INTA germplasm collection were true hexaploid tall fescue, belonging to two eco-geographic races (Continental and Mediterranean). Finally, the data presented revealed an ample genetic diversity of tall fescue showing the importance of preserving the INTA collection for future breeding programs.
Collection of Bromus catharticus Vahl was carried out in the Argentine humid and subhumid central area. Sixty-eight natural populations are conserved for medium and long term in Pergamino Germplasm Bank and in IRB Germplasm Bank, and ten morphological and agronomic traits were evaluated in the field during two years. There was variability for the traits considered among the accessions. Those populations from the subhumid area showed differences in valuable attributes for breeding. Exploration of marginal areas for this species might be an effective way to add variability to this collection. Key words: evaluation, germplasm, prairie grass, plant breeding CARACTERÍSTICAS DE POPULAÇÕES NATURAIS DEBromus cartharticus Vahl (Poaceae) COLETADAS NA ÁREA CENTRAL DA ARGENTINA RESUMO: Coletas de Bromus catharticus Vahl foram conduzidas nas areas úmidas e sub-úmidas centrais da Argentina. Sessenta e oito populações naturais foram mantidas por médio e longo períodos nos bancos de germoplasma Pergamino e IRB, e dez características morfológicas agronômicas foram avaliadas em campo durante dois anos. Foi observada variabilidade para as características entre os acessos. As populações da região sub-úmida mostraram diferenças para características importantes para o melhoramento. A exploração de áreas marginais para esta espécie pode ser um modo efetivo de adicionar variabilidade para esta coleção de germoplasma. Palavras-chave: avaliação, germoplasma, capim de pradaria, melhoramento de plantas
When breeding temperate forage species is investigated, some attributes such as herbage accumulation and seasonal growth patterns have to be considered. To modify some of these traits, knowledge of the detailed process might be useful. In order to evaluate seasonal growth of contrasting white clover populations an experiment was carried out. Treatments were five cultivars and three local populations collected in Argentina. Weekly measures were taken during each season to calculate leaf appearance and flower appearance rates, stolon growing rate and dry matter (DM) net accumulation. Different germplasm of this species have different mechanisms for DM accumulation. Leaf size, more than leaf appearance rate, was the variable with most differences among germplasm and mostly related to dry matter accumulation. During spring and summer, inflorescences production had important effects on growing stolon rate, and differences among germplasm were evident. Some local populations showed favourable attributes that could be useful for breeding. Key words: Trifolium repens L., germplasm, leaves, inflorescences, stolon growth ATRIBUTOS RELACIONADOS AO CRESCIMENTO SAZONAL DE FORRAGEM EM TREVO BRANCORESUMO: Quando o melhoramento de forrageiras de clima temperado é investigado, alguns atributos tais como acúmulo de forragem e padrões de crescimento sazonal devem ser considerados. Para a modificação de alguns desses caracteres, o conhecimento detalhado destes processos pode ser útil. No sentido de avaliar o crescimento sazonal de populações contrastantes de trevo branco, um experimento foi conduzido. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco cultivares e três populações nativas coletadas na Argentina. Medições semanais foram realizadas durante cada estação do ano para cálculo das taxas de aparecimento de folhas e flores, taxa de crescimento de estolões e acúmulo de matéria seca. Germoplasmas distintos para essa espécie apresentam mecanismos distintos para acúmulo de matéria seca. A característica de tamanho de folha, mais do que a taxa de aparecimento de folha, foi a variável analisada que mostrou as maiores diferenças entre os germoplasmas analisados, além de estar mais relacionada ao acúmulo de matéria seca. Durante a primavera e verão, a produção de inflorescências mostrou efeito importante na taxa de crescimento de estolões e diferenças entre os germoplasmas foram evidentes. Algumas das populações nativas apresentaram atributos favoráveis que podem ser úteis no melhoramento.
No abstract
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.