INTRODUCTIONThe development in science and technology has helped us to overcome the superstitions associated with pregnancy to some extent. But, still many of us follow them even though we realize that these lacks scientific evidence. As in many other things in life, numerous traditions have been created. They often have nothing with science. They are usually prejudices that became part of local culture. 1,2 Cultural competence in the provision of postpartum care is essential for nurses in the healthcare world of the 21 st century. We planned this study to gain an understanding of traditional postpartum practices for women and babies, and to investigate the factors influencing such practices. Midwives and nurses should discuss these findings and their implications when they educate new mothers and their families about contemporary methods of postnatal maternal and infant care. METHODSIt was a cross sectional descriptive observational study. It was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Northern India in Jaipur City. The study population was women who have delivered in last 3 days either vaginally or by lower segment caesarian section. Information was collected by direct face to face interview with mother and family members and responses were noted down. The fixed numbers of question were asked.The language of communication was Hindi. Local language was also used, if the mothers had difficulty in communication through Hindi. Questions were open ended and responses falling into preset possible ABSTRACT Background: The development in science and technology has helped us to overcome the superstitions associated with pregnancy to some extent. Objective of present study was to record information about common ritualistic myths during pregnancy and after baby birth. Methods: It was a cross sectional observational study conducted in a tertiary care center. Information was collected from 200 admitted women who delivered in last 3 days with direct questions to mother. Results: Total 180 (90%) women were following the ritualistic myths. Mean age and mean parity was 30.1 years and 2.8 respectively. Sixty five percent women were belonging from rural background. Religion distribution was as follows 144 Hindu, 40 Muslim and 16 were others. Prevalence of the myths was 136 (94.4%), 32 (80%), 12 (75%) in Hindu, Muslim and other religions respectively. An inverse relation was observed between education level and acceptance of myth. Conclusions: Ritualistic myths during pregnancy and after birth were more common with low literacy, rural background and in Hindus.

Although IUD training is given to all medical professionals and IUD facility is available up to subcentres but the study shows that completeness in services is still lacking. Ensuring ideal place for IUD insertion, proper case selection, use of specific instruments for insertion and observance of insertion protocols are very vital for the success of IUD.

INTRODUCTIONMultiple pregnancy remains one of the highest risk situations for the mother, foetus and neonate despite recent advances in obstetrics, perinatal and neonatal care. Twin pregnancies have increased rates of obstetric and perinatal complications compared to singletons such as risk of miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, post-partum haemorrhage, preterm labour, iron and folic acid deficiency anemia, polyhydramnios, discordant foetal growth, abnormal vascular communications, foetal malformations, cord complication, still births and increased rate of caesarean section.1 Although twins occur in approximate 1 in 80 pregnancy, they account for 12.2% of preterm births and 15.4% neonatal death. ABSTRACTBackground: Multiple pregnancy remains one of the highest risk situations for the mother, foetus and neonate despite recent advances in obstetrics, perinatal and neonatal care. Twin pregnancies have increased rates of obstetric and perinatal complications compared to singletons Objective of present study was comparative assessment of fetomaternal outcome in twin pregnancy with singleton pregnancy in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur. Methods: This was a hospital based, prospective observational study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. S.M.S. Medical College, Jaipur from April 2015 to March 2016. 150 women with twin pregnancy and 150 women with singleton pregnancies at gestation age of 28 weeks and above coming for delivery and consented for the study were included in the study. Women with chronic medical disorder or chronic hypertension were excluded from the study. Maternal and neonatal outcome recorded and analysed. Results: Occurrence of twin in our study was 2.82%. Risk of preterm labour was about nine times higher in twin pregnancies than the singleton (OR: 2.74, 95% CI; 1.4494-5.1884, P value 0.001). The risk of premature rupture of membrane was increased by 2.74 times in twin pregnancies (OR:2.74; 95% CI: 1.4494-5.1884, p value .001). There was 3-time increased risk of malpresentation (OR 3.14; p value .00002) and 2.28 times increase in hypertensive disorder (OR 2.28; 95% CI: 1.0727-4.8823, p value .03) in twin pregnancies. The risk of asphyxia and septicaemia was 2.5 times more in twins. Conclusions: Twin pregnancy is a high-risk pregnancy with more complications in mother and foetus and is a great challenge for obstetrician. So, it should be managed carefully at tertiary care centre to reduce the maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity.

INTRODUCTIONInfertility is defined as one year of unprotected intercourse without conception during child bearing age affecting approximately 7.4% of the population. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) with husband's semen has been widely used as a low cost first line assisted reproductive therapeutic option for infertile couples. A newer modified form of IUI called intrauterine tuboperitoneal insemination (IUTPI) has been developed for infertile patients using 10ml of the inseminate instead of 0.5ml used in IUI. This procedure is made possible by a specially designed instrument, the Double Nut Bivalve speculum (DNB) which clamps the cervix tightly during the procedure preventing back flow of the inseminate. The objective of our study was to compare the clinical pregnancy rate of IUTPI and IUI in the treatment of infertile patients.1,2 ABSTRACT Background: Infertility management has become more substantial and relevant with an increase in the number of infertile patients as well as advances in the science of reproduction. The objective of our study was to assess the role of intrauterine tuboperitoneal insemination (IUTPI) and intrauterine insemination (IUI) in the treatment of infertile patients. Methods: 236 infertile patients, 118 in each group attending the infertility clinic, after applying both inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the present study. Patients in each study group were given clomiphene citrate for ovarian stimulation followed by injection hCG for triggering ovulation. Insemination with washed husband's sperm was performed about 36-40 hours after hCG administration, using 10ml of inseminate in IUTPI and 0.5ml inseminate in IUI. The patient was then called after 2 weeks for urine pregnancy test (UPT) which, if positive was considered as clinical pregnancy. Results: Out of the total 236 cases, 42 cases had a positive outcome. Out of these 42 positive cases, 27 were from IUTPI group whereas 15 from IUI group. The pregnancy rate was 22.88% in IUTPI and 12.71% in IUI (p=0.039), which was a statistically significant difference. Endometrial thickness, preovulatory follicle number and prewash sperm motility significantly affected positive outcome in IUTPI. Factors like patient's age, BMI<25, bilateral patent tubes and decreased duration of infertility also positively affected the treatment outcome. Conclusions: Our study found IUTPI to have better pregnancy rate compared to IUI. IUTPI may become a first line option for treatment of infertile patients.

Background: To compare efficacy and complication of manual vacuum aspiration and dilatation and evacuation as the method for early pregnancy loss surgical management. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SMS Medical College & Associated group of Hospitals, Jaipur during this study, 200 pregnant women with below 12 weeks gestational age having a confirmed diagnosis of incomplete miscarriage and missed abortion were included. All selected cases divided into MVA group and D&E group randomly. Results: MVA group 98% cases were successful and failure was in 2% which required re-procedure. In D&E group 94% cases were successful and failure was in 6% cases which required re-procedure. Success rate was founded more in MVA group than D&E group. Conclusion: On comparison of the two, in our study MVA was seen to be having an edge over D&E, regarding complication and success rate. Keywords: MVA, D&E, Complication, Success rate.