We call thick those films for which the disjoining pressure and thermal fluctuations are ineffective. Water films with thickness $h$ in the $1{-}100~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ range are thick, but are also known, paradoxically, to nucleate holes spontaneously. We have uncovered a mechanism solving the paradox, relying on the extreme sensitivity of the film to surface tension inhomogeneities. The surface tension of a free liquid film is lowered by an amount $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}$ over a size $a$ by chemical or thermal contamination. At the same time this spot diffuses (within a time $a^{2}/D$, with $D$ the diffusion coefficient of the pollutant in the substrate), the Marangoni stress $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}/a$ induces an inhomogeneous outward interstitial flow which digs the film within a time $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}_{0}\sim \sqrt{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}ha^{2}/\unicode[STIX]{x0394}\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}}$, with $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}$ the density of the liquid. When the Péclet number $Pe=a^{2}/D\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}_{0}$ is larger than unity, the liquid substrate motion reinforces the surface tension gradient, triggering a self-sustained instability insensitive to diffusional regularisation. Several experimental illustrations of the phenomenon are given, both qualitative and quantitative, including a precise study of the first instants of the unstable dynamics made by controlled perturbations of a Savart sheet at large $Pe$.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.