Background: Dengue can result in high mortality. Several studies have shown an association of blood groups with the severity of dengue. In our study we attempt to associate the prevalence of blood groups with the known hematological prognosticators and thus derive its impact on the severity of dengue. We aim to study the patterns and prevalence of different ABO blood groups in dengue fever.Methods: A total of 100 serologically proven dengue cases over a month’s period in November 2016 were recruited for our study. Their relevant hematological data (obtained by automated haematology analyser and peripheral smears) and blood grouping results were recorded and analyzed.Results: The age range was 5 months to 65 years with a slight male predominance. Analysis of the blood group patterns showed prevalence of O group (42%) followed by A and B group (27% each). B group was more prevalent in children (34%) and females (31%) with dengue.The patients with B group showed increased derangement in hematological parameters namely higher number of cases with B group showed rise in haematocrit (59%), an increased number of cases with leucopenia (56%), higher proportion of cases with lymphocytosis (45%) and  severe thrombocytopenia  (74%) when compared to the other blood groups.Conclusions: Our study shows that blood groups can impact severity of dengue and that B group is a risk factor for severity hence, such individuals warrant close supervision especially in the presence of other risk factors.

There is an increase in the number of nephrectomies with the extensive use of imaging techniques in the recent years. In India management of chronic kidney diseases is posing a great challenge as dialysis and kidney transplantations are expensive for the patients. OBJECTIVES: 1. To analyze all the nephrectomy specimens received over a period of ten years, from 2004 to 2014 at K.I.M.S. Hospital and Research center, Bengaluru. 2. To determine the age and sex distribution in various non-neoplastic diseases. 3. To categorize the various types of non-neoplastic conditions of the kidney. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included retrospective and prospective cases over a period of ten years between 2004 to 2014. For the retrospective cases, blocks, slides and records were retrieved and studied. For the prospective cases, nephrectomy specimens sent for histopathological evaluation were studied. Along with routine hematoxylin-eosin stain, special stains were done when required. RESULTS: Our study included a total of 116 nephrectomy specimens of which 84(72.41%) were nonneoplastic and 32(27.59%) were neoplastic lesions. Of the 84 non-neoplastic lesions age distribution varied from 1 month to 70 years. Gender distribution included 54.76% males and 45.23 % females. The male to female ratio being 1.2:1. The commonest non-neoplastic lesion was chronic pyelonephritis (54.31%) and cystic lesions were the least. CONCLUSION: We observed that the number of nephrectomies has increased gradually over the years. Amongst non-neoplastic diseases of kidney chronic pyelonephritis is the commonest cause leading to nephrectomy.

Dengue is an arboviral disease endemic in India. Severe dengue has a high morbidity. The progression to severe dengue may be diagnosed by clinical and lab parameters, are of the useful lab tests is platelet count, as thrombocytopenia is a consistent feature in dengue. There is confusion about the role thrombocytopenia in dengue. Our study aims to study the platelet count patterns and its relevance to severity of dengue. Materials and Methods: We conducted a study on 132 dengue positive cases with relevant hematology data in November 2016. Results: We had predominance of young people and males in the study group. Thrombocytopenia was uniform across the ages and sexes. Severe thrombocytopenia constituted 56%, had significant association with atypical lymphocytosis, rise in hematocrit and antibody patterns. Conclusion: Platelet counts are marker of dengue, can serve as predicators of severity, platelet count monitoring helps guide transfusion therapy.

Blood transfusion saves millions of life in emergency situations and is considered has life saving drug. Blood transfusion is associated with several risks which also includes transfusion transmissible infections. With the implementation of strict donor selection, effective and sensitive screening tests can ensure the least reduction risk of acquiring transfusion transmissible infections. The prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors reflect the burden of diseases among particular population. The aim of this study is: 1. To estimate the prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors in a rural tertiary care centre; 2. To analyse the trends of transfusion transmissible infections over study period. A total of 21,089 voluntary blood donors were studied. There were 20,356 male donors and 733 female donors with ratio of 28:1. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and Malaria was found to be 0.14%, 0.82%, 0.02%, 0.13% and 0.03% respectively. The prevalence of HBV was highest (0.82%) followed by HIV(0.14%). Our study also showed decrease in trends of HCV and Syphilis over study period. There was strong association of transfusion transmissible infections among O positive blood group. The prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections has decreased over time, hence implementation of strict donor selection criteria and use of sensitive screening tests has lead to decrease in trends.

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