Background : In diabetes mellitus, dietary intake is important for metabolic control and contributes to the risk of developing microvascular and macrovascular complications. Little is known about factors influencing dietary intake. Objectives : To ascertain the long-term influence of two initial programmes of treatment of diabetes mellitus type I in children and adolescents on dietary intake and to compare with dietary recommendations. To examine for correlations with social factors, anthropometry and glycaemic control. Design: Children, 3 Á/15 years of age, were chosen at random to be treated either in a paediatric ward (the control group) or, partly, in an apartment where their families were provided with extra psychological support and practical education (the study group). A prospective dietary assessment of 34 children with diabetes mellitus was performed, using 4 day food diaries at 6, 12 and 24 months after diagnosis. Results: Both management groups complied well with the dietary recommendations, showed stable nutritional habits during the first 2 years after diagnosis and had favourable intake concerning fat and carbohydrates compared with healthy children. The study group demonstrated less day-to-day variation in their consumption of polyunsaturated fat. Few dietary correlations to social factors were shown. There were no significant correlations between dietary intake and age or gender. High long-term HbA 1c (/8.3%, 5 years) was significantly associated with a higher intake of total fat, and more pronounced day-to-day variation in energy, carbohydrates and polyunsaturated fat. Conclusions : Both treatment programmes appear well suited for establishing and maintaining recommended dietary intake. The home-like environment of the training apartment made it possible to illustrate the dietary customs of the child and family, and permitted an individual nutritional education with behaviour modification. The importance of the quantity and quality of fat consumed must be emphasized strongly.

Normally, only one isolate of Listeria monocytogenes from a case of listeriosis is subjected to characterization. Here we show that two isolates from different sites of the body were not the same strain. Such a phenomenon may not have any clinical relevance, although it may confuse the epidemiologist trying to match infection source with infection target.

Background : In diabetes mellitus, dietary intake is important for metabolic control and contributes to the risk of developing microvascular and macrovascular complications. Little is known about factors influencing dietary intake. Objectives : To ascertain the long-term influence of two initial programmes of treatment of diabetes mellitus type I in children and adolescents on dietary intake and to compare with dietary recommendations. To examine for correlations with social factors, anthropometry and glycaemic control. Design: Children, 3 Á/15 years of age, were chosen at random to be treated either in a paediatric ward (the control group) or, partly, in an apartment where their families were provided with extra psychological support and practical education (the study group). A prospective dietary assessment of 34 children with diabetes mellitus was performed, using 4 day food diaries at 6, 12 and 24 months after diagnosis. Results: Both management groups complied well with the dietary recommendations, showed stable nutritional habits during the first 2 years after diagnosis and had favourable intake concerning fat and carbohydrates compared with healthy children. The study group demonstrated less day-to-day variation in their consumption of polyunsaturated fat. Few dietary correlations to social factors were shown. There were no significant correlations between dietary intake and age or gender. High long-term HbA 1c (/8.3%, 5 years) was significantly associated with a higher intake of total fat, and more pronounced day-to-day variation in energy, carbohydrates and polyunsaturated fat. Conclusions : Both treatment programmes appear well suited for establishing and maintaining recommended dietary intake. The home-like environment of the training apartment made it possible to illustrate the dietary customs of the child and family, and permitted an individual nutritional education with behaviour modification. The importance of the quantity and quality of fat consumed must be emphasized strongly.

Gad A, Hradsky M, Furugird K, Malmodin B, Nyberg 0. Campylobacter pylori and non-ulcer dyspepsia. 2. A prospective study in a Swedish population. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989,24 (Suppl 167), 44-48 In a consecutive prospective series of 186 Swedish persons with the diagnosis of nonulcer dyspepsia 71.5% were found to have gastritis and/or bulbar duodenitis in endoscopic biopsies. Gastroduodenitis was associated with campylobacter pylon (CP) in 83.5% of the cases. The double therapeutic approach using an antibiotic and a preparation containing bismuth in an uncontrolled therapeutic pilot trial resulted in improvement of the histological picture, disappearance of CP and amelioration of symptoms. It is concluded that CP-infection plays a central role in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenitis associated NUD.In a paper published elsewhere in this supplement a series of Italian non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) patients were found to have campylobacter pylori (CP) associated gastritis in more than 74% of the antral biopsies (1). It was concluded that NUD seems to be a disease with an underlaying multifactorial aetiology and further studies were urged to investigate the possibility of a causal relationship between mucosal colonisation with CP and gastroduodenitis.The present study was designed to answer this question, to determine the prevalence of CP in NUD and to relate this to histological abnormalities. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first prospective study in a Swedish NUD population which allows follow-up of the symptoms, the degree of mucosal inflammation and CP colonisation after treatment with an antibiotic and a preparation containing bismuth. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis study was carried out from the first of January through December 1987. It is based on 186 consecutive outpatient non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) patients, 108 females and 78 males, ranging in age from 18 to 86 years with a median of 54.3 years. The number of patients in the various age groups is shown in Fig. 1. NUD was defined as in another publication elsewhere in this supplement (1). The patients were referred for upper ga-8 1 B *!e 2 1 I 20-19 29 16 40-50-60-2 19 49 59 69 70 Age range Fig. 1. The distribution of 186 NUD patients according to age. Scand J Gastroenterol Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by University of Otago on 12/27/14 For personal use only.

Gad A, Hradsky M, Furuglrd K, Malmodin B. Campylobacter Pylori and gastroduodenal ulcer disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989,24 (Suppl 167), 81-85In a consecutive prospective series of 208 Swedish primary peptic ulcer patients, 146 gastric, 55 duodenal and 7 in both sites, gastroduodenitis was found in 97.6% of the cases. The mucosal inflammation was associated with CP in 87% and 91% of the gastric and duodenal ulcer cases respectively. No significant correlation was found between CP colonisation and the type or severity of mucosal inflammation. Gastric metaplasia was present in only 8% of 48 bulbar ulcer cases. Ulcer healing and eradication of CP was achieved in 52% of patients treated with bismuth subnitrate in combination with erythromycin or according to the triple approach.