Burns is a global health problem, accounting for an estimated 310,000 deaths annually. The global incidence (all ages) is 1.1 per 100,000, and it varies with geographic location, socioeconomic status, ethnic group, age and sex. 1 Over 95% of burns occur in low & middle income countries, with highest incidence occurring in World Health Organization (WHO) Southeast Asia region. 2 In India, over 1,000,000 people are moderately or severely burnt every year. 3 Burns in children are reported to be among the most prevalent traumatic injuries around the world. In developing countries, it is reported to be the third most common cause of death in children aged between 5 and 14 years. 4 However, the global incidence of hospitalized pediatric burn patients is unknown. 5 Epidemiological studies of burn injuries have highlighted risk factors that have led to the establishment of effective preventive programs. 6 However, in pediatric burns, most ABSTRACT Background: Burns in children are reported to be amongst the most prevalent traumatic injuries around the world, most of which occurring in accidental domestic environment, that are preventable. With this study, we aim to suggest measures that may be taken to prevent burns in children. Methods: Data of children (≤15 years of age) with burns admitted to Burns Unit at our centre from August 2010 to July 2015 was analysed retrospectively. For the purpose of analysing, these children were divided into three groups based on their age. Results: A total of 122 pediatric burn cases were studied. Male children (57%) were more commonly affected. 93% burns were accidental in aetiology, however a significant number of suicidal burns was noted (6.5%). Average percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) burnt was 34.06%. Scalds was the most common mode of injury in toddler age group (0-5 years), whereas thermal & electrical burns were more common in older children. In our study, 70% of instances needed surgical intervention and the overall mortality was 13.64%. Conclusions: This study highlights the aetiology and risk factors for burns in children of different age groups, which help in establishing safety measures that can be included in preventive programs. Through a combination of prevention strategies and improved burns care, considerable progress can be made not only in lowering the death rates, but also in achieving the goal of physical, social and psychological rehabilitation in paediatric burn patients.

BACKGROUND: Cleft lip and palate deformity poses problems at every stage of growth and development of the child. Repair of cleft lip-nose complex is a major challenge for the operating surgeon as well the manner in which the deficient tissues are replenished. The major issue which still remains to be tackled is achieving a acceptable nasal correction. In the quest for tissues to bring about a better repair especially in the region of nostril floor and alar base, the hypertrophied inferior turbinate on the cleft side appears to be a good option. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to evaluate long term aesthetic and morphological outcome of lip and nose in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate deformity. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A Group of 41 patients were taken in the study and they were randomized into two groups, Study group 21 cases who underwent primary lip repair with inferior turbinate flap and Control Group B, 20 cases without inferior turbinate flap. Age, sex, side of cleft and photographic evaluation of was done at 2 years and above post operatively for nostril height, nostril width, nostril basal width and alar base level. RESULTS: On photographic evaluation group a showed statistically significant symmetry in the nasal architecture, and the long term follow up of these patients is necessary to comment on the aesthetic outcome. CONCLUSION: Inferior turbinate flap provides an adequate tissue during nostril floor reconstruction and helped in augmenting the depressed alar base on the cleft side.