The development of non-destructive methods for early detection of cold stress of plants and the identification of cold-tolerant cultivars is highly needed in crop breeding programs. Current methods are either destructive, time-consuming or imprecise. In this study, soybean leaves’ spectra were acquired in the near infrared (NIR) range (588–1025 nm) from five cultivars genetically engineered to have different levels of cold stress tolerance. The spectra were acquired at the optimal growing temperature 27 °C and when the temperature was decreased to 22 °C. In this paper, we report the results of the aquaphotomics analysis performed with the objective of understanding the role of the water molecular system in the early cold stress response of all cultivars. The raw spectra and the results of Principal Component Analysis, Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogies and aquagrams showed consistent evidence of huge differences in the NIR spectral profiles of all cultivars under normal and mild cold stress conditions. The SIMCA discrimination between the plants before and after stress was achieved with 100% accuracy. The interpretation of spectral patterns before and after cold stress revealed major changes in the water molecular structure of the soybean leaves, altered carbohydrate and oxidative metabolism. Specific water molecular structures in the leaves of soybean cultivars were found to be highly sensitive to the temperature, showing their crucial role in the cold stress response. The results also indicated the existence of differences in the cold stress response of different cultivars, which will be a topic of further research.
Future rises in global surface temperature threaten for rice dependent nations. Previous research has failed to account for the detrimental impact of high temperatures on milling quality in paddy storing. Therefore, main objectives of this study were to assess the milling quality of paddy stored at different temperatures in line with global warming and to identify adaptation techniques. Experiment was conducted as a split-split plot design with 3 replicates. Main, sub and sub-sub plot factors were variety (AT-362, Kuruluthuda), processing technique (raw, parboiled) and storage temperature (26, 30, 34, 38 o C) respectively. Head Rice Yield (HRY), Broken Rice Yield (BRY) and Degree of Milling (DOM) were estimated initially and after 6 months. Result revealed that HRY of paddy decreased by the range of 2.1-3.5% with increase in storage temperature from 26°C to 38°C after 6 months. However, temperature was not significantly influenced on HRY and BRY of stored paddy (P>0.05). The DOM was significantly lower (2.07%) at 38 o C than other temperatures. The HRY is significantly higher (P<0.05) in parboiled rice than raw rice in both varieties after 6 month at each temperature level. It can be concluded that milling quality of stored paddy is degrading at high temperatures yielding high amount of broken rice and low head rice, Furthermore, Kuruluthuda variety stored at comparatively high temperatures seems to be more tolerant to breakage during the milling compared with AT-362.
INTRODUCTIONSri Lankan cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) is an imperative multifaceted crop that exists in the coastal belt of the Southern part of Sri Lanka. In the context of soil and climatic factors of cultivation areas, the unique chemical composition mixture in the plant provides various by-products for diverse types of industries (Weerasinghe et al. 2006). At present, nearly 30,000 ha of land is extended with Cinnamon cultivation. With the higher demand prevails for Sri Lankan Cinnamon products in the world market, ninety per cent of Cinnamon production is in the export platform (Gunarathne 2011).
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