Table of contentsP001 - Sepsis impairs the capillary response within hypoxic capillaries and decreases erythrocyte oxygen-dependent ATP effluxR. M. Bateman, M. D. Sharpe, J. E. Jagger, C. G. EllisP002 - Lower serum immunoglobulin G2 level does not predispose to severe flu.J. Solé-Violán, M. López-Rodríguez, E. Herrera-Ramos, J. Ruíz-Hernández, L. Borderías, J. Horcajada, N. González-Quevedo, O. Rajas, M. Briones, F. Rodríguez de Castro, C. Rodríguez GallegoP003 - Brain protective effects of intravenous immunoglobulin through inhibition of complement activation and apoptosis in a rat model of sepsisF. Esen, G. Orhun, P. Ergin Ozcan, E. Senturk, C. Ugur Yilmaz, N. Orhan, N. Arican, M. Kaya, M. Kucukerden, M. Giris, U. Akcan, S. Bilgic Gazioglu, E. TuzunP004 - Adenosine a1 receptor dysfunction is associated with leukopenia: A possible mechanism for sepsis-induced leukopeniaR. Riff, O. Naamani, A. DouvdevaniP005 - Analysis of neutrophil by hyper spectral imaging - A preliminary reportR. Takegawa, H. Yoshida, T. Hirose, N. Yamamoto, H. Hagiya, M. Ojima, Y. Akeda, O. Tasaki, K. Tomono, T. ShimazuP006 - Chemiluminescent intensity assessed by eaa predicts the incidence of postoperative infectious complications following gastrointestinal surgeryS. Ono, T. Kubo, S. Suda, T. Ueno, T. IkedaP007 - Serial change of c1 inhibitor in patients with sepsis – A prospective observational studyT. Hirose, H. Ogura, H. Takahashi, M. Ojima, J. Kang, Y. Nakamura, T. Kojima, T. ShimazuP008 - Comparison of bacteremia and sepsis on sepsis related biomarkersT. Ikeda, S. Suda, Y. Izutani, T. Ueno, S. OnoP009 - The changes of procalcitonin levels in critical patients with abdominal septic shock during blood purificationT. Taniguchi, M. OP010 - Validation of a new sensitive point of care device for rapid measurement of procalcitoninC. Dinter, J. Lotz, B. Eilers, C. Wissmann, R. LottP011 - Infection biomarkers in primary care patients with acute respiratory tract infections – Comparison of procalcitonin and C-reactive proteinM. M. Meili, P. S. SchuetzP012 - Do we need a lower procalcitonin cut off?H. Hawa, M. Sharshir, M. Aburageila, N. SalahuddinP013 - The predictive role of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin biomarkers in central nervous system infections with extensively drug resistant bacteriaV. Chantziara, S. Georgiou, A. Tsimogianni, P. Alexandropoulos, A. Vassi, F. Lagiou, M. Valta, G. Micha, E. Chinou, G. MichaloudisP014 - Changes in endotoxin activity assay and procalcitonin levels after direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin-b immobilized fiberA. Kodaira, T. Ikeda, S. Ono, T. Ueno, S. Suda, Y. Izutani, H. ImaizumiP015 - Diagnostic usefullness of combination biomarkers on ICU admissionM. V. De la Torre-Prados, A. Garcia-De la Torre, A. Enguix-Armada, A. Puerto-Morlan, V. Perez-Valero, A. Garcia-AlcantaraP016 - Platelet function analysis utilising the PFA-100 does not predict infection, bacteraemia, sepsis or outcome in critically ill patientsN. Bolton, J. Dudziak, S. Bonney, A. Tridente, P. NeeP017 - Extracellular histone H3 levels are in...

immune cells resident in adipose tissue have important functions in local and systemic metabolic homeostasis. Nevertheless, these immune cell populations remain poorly characterized in bovines. Recently, we described diverse lymphocyte subpopulations in adipose tissue of Holstein-Friesian cows. Here, we aimed at characterising myeloid cell populations present in bovine adipose tissue using multicolour flow cytometry, cell sorting and histochemistry/immunohistochemistry. Macrophages, CD14 + CD11b + MHc-ii + CD45 + cells, were identified in mesenteric and subcutaneous adipose tissue, though at higher proportions in the latter. Mast cells, identified as SSC-A high CD11b −/+ CD14 − MHcii − CH138A − CD45 + cells, were also observed in adipose tissue and found at higher proportions than macrophages in mesenteric adipose tissue. Neutrophils, presenting a CH138A + CD11b + phenotype, were also detected in mesenteric and subcutaneous adipose tissue, however, at much lower frequencies than in the blood. Our gating strategy allowed identification of eosinophils in blood but not in adipose tissue although being detected by morphological analysis at low frequencies in some animals. A population not expressing CD45 and with the CH138A + CD11b − MHc-ii − phenotype, was found abundant and present at higher proportions in mesenteric than subcutaneous adipose tissue. The work reported here may be useful for further studies addressing the function of the described cells.www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ colour-flow cytometry revealed the presence of CD14 + cells, CD172a + cells, CD11c + cells and CD163 + cells in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue 23,24 . Recently, Aylward et al. 25 reported the presence of CD172a + CD11b + cells, CD11c + MHC-II + cells, and CD11b + CD11c + cells in mesenteric adipose tissue. However, these markers are not exclusive to macrophages but common to other myeloid cell populations or can be even expressed in non-hematopoietic cells. As an example, studies in humans and mice have shown that CD14 can be expressed in non-myeloid cells 26 such as preadipocytes 27 and epithelial cells 28 . Also, CD172a is expressed by granulocytes such as eosinophils 29 and mast cells 30 beside its expression in monocytes/ macrophages. Since mast cells 31,32 and eosinophils 3,33 have already been described in adipose tissue, single markers analysis limits the interpretation of the data. Therefore, to characterize the different myeloid cell populations in bovine adipose tissue we used a multicolour flow cytometry panel associated with cell sorting and histochemistry/immunohistochemistry analysis. Our strategy allowed identification and isolation of macrophages, mast cells and neutrophils with macrophages being observed at different proportions in mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). We also showed that CD45 negative cells represent more than 40% of all the cells in the adipose tissue SVF of MAT. A non-leukocyte populat...

The importance of immune cells present in the adipose tissue to metabolic homeostasis has been increasingly recognized. Nevertheless, in bovines few studies have so far addressed the immune cell populations resident in this tissue. Here we developed an eight-colour flow cytometry panel to address T cell populations present in bovine adipose tissue. Our results showed that γδ T cells, CD4 + and CD8 + CD3 + non-γδ T cells, as well as NK cells, are present in the mesenteric and subcutaneous adipose tissue of Holstein-Friesian cows. The frequency of both γδ T cells and CD8 + non-γδ T cells was found higher in mesenteric than in subcutaneous adipose tissue. The majority of T cells in adipose tissue presented a CD45RO + CD62L − phenotype, characteristic of effector memory cells, and the frequency of these cellular populations was higher than in the blood. The ratio of CD4 + T cells over CD8 + T cells was similar between subcutaneous and mesenteric adipose tissue but different from the one found in blood. Overall, our results highlight particular phenotypic characteristics of bovine adipose tissue T cell populations.

Aims Pregnant BALB/c mice infected with a Toxoplasma gondii type II strain were used to determine how pregnancy interferes with the development of maternal immunity to T gondii and how infection disrupts pregnancy and foetal development. Methods Maternal and foetal parasite loads were assessed by amplification of T gondii SAG1 using qPCR. Adverse effects of infection were evaluated on foetal‐placental development by quantification of implantation units undergoing resorption and by histopathological analyses. Serum progesterone levels were quantified by immunoassay. The effect of T gondii infection on maternal immunity was determined by assessing the cellular composition of spleens by flow cytometry. Results Infected pregnant mice exhibited clinical signs of infection, inflammation and necrosis at the maternal‐foetal interface and decreased serum progesterone levels. In infected mice, there was a clear effect of pregnancy and infection on macrophage cell numbers. However, no differences in the parasite load were detected between non‐pregnant and pregnant mice. Conclusions Maternal T gondii infection induced adverse effects at the maternal‐foetal interface. Alterations were found in immune spleen cells, dependent on the day of pregnancy, relative to nonpregnant animals. The results obtained suggest a pregnancy‐dependent mechanism during T gondii infection able to interfere with macrophage numbers.

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