This paper addresses the attuned use of multiconverter flexible alternative current transmission systems (M-FACTS) devices and demand response (DR) to perform congestion management (CM) in the deregulated environment. The strong control capability of the M-FACTS offers a great potential in solving many of the problems facing electric utilities. Besides, DR is a novel procedure that can be an effective tool for reduction of congestion. A market clearing procedure is conducted based on maximizing social welfare (SW) and congestion as network constraint is paid by using concurrently the DR and M-FACTS. A multi-objective problem (MOP) based on the sum of the payments received by the generators for changing their output, the total payment received by DR participants to reduce their load and M-FACTS cost is systematized. For the solution of this problem a nonlinear time-varying evolution (NTVE) based multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) style is formed. Fuzzy decision-making (FDM) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) approaches are employed for finding the best compromise solution from the set of Pareto-solutions obtained through multi-objective particle swarm optimization-nonlinear time-varying evolution (MOPSO-NTVE). In a real power system, Azarbaijan regional power system of Iran, comparative analysis of the results obtained from the application of the DR & unified power flow controller (UPFC) and the DR & M-FACTS are presented.Keywords multi-converter flexible alternative current transmission systems (M-FACTS), demand response, fuzzy decision making, multi-objective particle swarm optimization-nonlinear time-varying evolution (MOPSO-NTVE)
Improved non dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (INSGA II) implementation for the assignment of the optimal location and tap changer adjustment related to flux lock type superconducting fault current limiter with tap changer (TC FLSFCL) is presented in this paper. TC FLSFCL is a flexible SFCL that has preference over previous SFCLs. In this type of SFCL the current limiting characteristics are improved and the fault current limiting level during a fault period can be adjusted by controlling the current in the third winding, which also makes the magnetic field apply to the high Tc superconducting (HTSC) ele ment. Three objective functions, based on reliability index, reduction of fault current, and number of installed TC FLSFCL, are systematized and improved non dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (INSGA II) style is then formed in the search for the best location and tuning of the tap changer of TC FLSFCL to meet the fitness requirements. A decisionmaking procedure based on the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is used for finding the best compromise solution from the set of Pareto solutions obtained by INSGA II. In a distribution network as bus 4 of Roy Billinton test system (RBTS), comparative analysis of the results obtained from the application of the resistive SFCL (RSFCL) and TC FLSFCL is pre sented. The results show that optimal placement of TC FLSFCL compared with RSFCL can improve reli ability index and fault current reduction index with a less number.
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