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Infections in the neonate caused by the vaginal commensal Gardnerella vaginalis are rare and mostly consist of bacteremia. A 4130-g term neonate developed an infection of a scalp hematoma with G. vaginalis. The infection developed in association with electronic fetal monitoring. The only clinical sign was an increase in size of the hematoma.

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Coagulase-negative staphylococci are a major cause of nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care unit patients. These infections are usually related to the presence of intravascular devices. An 1175-g preterm neonate developed primary osteomyelitis and septic arthritis by coagulase-negative staphylococci in the absence of any indwelling central catheters.